Extended Data Fig. 1: Vagal responses to sugars, sugar analogs, and sweeteners are not due to osmolarity and are specific to the small intestine, related to Fig. 1.
From: The preference for sugar over sweetener depends on a gut sensor cell
a, Normalized maximum vagal firing rate to baseline (PBS), sugars (sucrose [300 mM] (N = 10), d-glucose [150 mM] (N = 5), d-fructose [150 mM] (N = 5), d-galactose [150 mM] (N = 5)), sugar analogs (alpha-methylglucopyranoside (α-MGP) [150 mM] (N = 8), and maltodextrin [8%] (N = 5)), and sweeteners (sucralose [15 mM] (N = 11), acesulfame K (ace-K) [15 mM] (N = 5), and saccharin [30 mM] (N = 5)). *p < 0.009 by Kruskal-Wallis test with non-parametric comparisons using Wilcoxon Method. P-values comparing baseline to each stimulus: sucrose, p < 0.0001; d-glucose, p = 0.0004; d-frucrose, p = 0.6868; d-galactose, p = 0.0004; α-MGP, p < 0.0001; maltodextrin, p = 0.0005; sucralose, p < 0.0001; ace-K, p = 0.0005; saccharin, p = 0.0008. b, Time-to-peak vagal firing rate for sugar stimuli (N as in a; n.s.). c, Normalized maximum vagal firing rate to intraduodenal sucrose [300 mM, ~650mOsm] (N = 6), mannitol [300 mM, ~650mOsm] (N = 3), and 2X PBS [650 mOsm] (N = 3). *p < 0.04 by Kruskal-Wallis test with non-parametric comparisons using Wilcoxon Method. d, Normalized maximum vagal firing rate to sucrose [300 mM] compared to baseline (PBS) infused into the duodenum (p = 0.0173) or ileum (p = 0.0036) (N = 4 mice per group; *p < 0.004, ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s HSD test). e, Normalized maximum vagal firing rate to sucrose [300 mM] and sucralose [15 mM] infused intraluminally into the duodenum or proximal colon (N = 3 mice per group; *p = 0.0280, ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s HSD test). Data are presented as mean values. Error bars = S.E.M.
