Extended Data Fig. 5: Evolutionary origins of human brain sORFs, Related to Fig. 5.
From: Developmental dynamics of RNA translation in the human brain
(a) Bar plot of the number of sORFs (40-110 AA) grouped by evolutionary age. (b) Bar plot of the number of sORFs (40-100 AA) detected by mass spectrometry (See Fig. 3d) grouped by evolutionary age. We detected many evolutionarily conserved ORFs that were previously detected in other species. For example, uORFs translated from the 5′UTRs of FTH1 and CCNi show conservation within the mammalian lineage by phylostratigraphy and show experimental evidence of translation in rodents4,36. (c) Number and percentage of sORFs ≥40 AA that are translated from brain-enriched transcripts, grouped by evolutionary age. (d) Criteria for filtering TE insertion events at start codons (left) and pie chart of TE type for all ORFs in our dataset with a TE insertion at the start codon. (e) Histogram of ORF length for all ORFs encoded within ncRNAs, pseudogenes, and uORFs. Most ORFs encoded by ncRNAs, pseudogenes, and uORFs are sORFs.
