Extended Data Fig. 1: Population activity of mPFC pyramidal neurons during sleep.
(a) Left, schematic of calcium imaging of mPFC pyramidal (Pyr) neurons using fiber photometry. AAV-CaMKII-Cre and AAV-FLEX-GCaMP6s were injected into the mPFC. Right, fluorescence image showing expression of GCaMP6s (green) in the mPFC. Scale bar, 500 μm. Brain atlas images adapted with permission from ref. 61. (b) Position of optic fibers within the mPFC used for imaging of mPFC Pyr neurons. Each diagram depicts the section where the lesion caused by the optic fiber (colored bar) was largest along the rostrocaudal axis (n = 7 mice). PL, prelimbic cortex; IL, infralimbic cortex. (c) Example fiber photometry recording. Shown are EEG spectrogram, EMG amplitude, brain states, and ΔF/F signal. PSD, power spectral density. (d) Average ΔF/F activity during REM, wake, and NREM sleep. One-way repeated-measures (RM) ANOVA, P = 0.0000; t-tests with Holm-Bonferroni correction; REM versus wake, P = 0.0001; wake versus NREM, P = 0.0003; REM versus NREM, P = 0.0000. n = 7 mice. Bars, averages across mice; lines, individual mice; error bars, 95% confidence intervals (CIs). (e) Average EEG spectrogram (normalized by the mean power in each frequency band) and mean calcium activity (ΔF/F, z-scored) at brain state transitions. Horizontal lines indicate the time points for which the ΔF/F activity significantly differed from baseline (−60 to −50 s; Methods). One-way RM ANOVA with 10 s time bins as within-subjects factor; P = 0.0000; paired t-tests with Holm-Bonferroni correction; P < 0.05, n = 7 mice. Black lines, averages across mice; gray lines, individual mice. See Supplementary Table 1 for detailed statistical information. ***P < 0.001.
