Extended Data Fig. 4: vGluT2 knockout in dopamine neurons.
From: Dopamine in the tail of the striatum facilitates avoidance in threat–reward conflicts
(a) Left, DAT (green) and vGluT2 (red) mRNA expression in control mice (vGluT2flox homozygous) and mice with vGluT2 knockout in dopamine neurons (DAT-cre heterozygous; vGluT2flox homozygous). Blue, DAPI. Yellow arrows indicate cells that express both. Scale bar, 20 μm. Right, percentage of cells that express both DAT and vGluT2 is significantly less in knockout mice than in control mice (p = 1.50 × 10−3, n = 3 animals each, 294 ± 75 cells for control, 279 ± 13 cells for knockout). (b) Immunostaining of TS against tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies in vGluT2 knockout mice. Scale bar, 1 mm. (c) Left, dopamine sensor (GRABDA2m) signals at different intensity of tones in TS in a vGluT2 knockout mouse (mean ± SEM). Right, average dopamine responses (0-1 s from tone onset, n = 15 trials). Grey dots, each trial.
