Extended Data Fig. 6: Electrophysiology and optogenetics during DNMS.

a. Average action potential waveforms from all units identified as putative pyramidal cells and interneurons. b. Distribution of waveform peak-to-trough ratios versus peak-to-trough time distances versus mean firing rates for the two clusters. Right: Projection of peak-to-trough ratios versus distances. Dots: individual units, colored by cluster. c. Mean firing rates of putative pyramidal cells and interneurons (P = 7.3 × 10-9; two-sided WT). d. Average CA1 pyramidal layer LFP trace across the first odor in DNMS across mice. Top: Average ΔF/F from all interneurons recorded with voltage imaging. e. Top: Raster plot from putative interneuronal unit in a PV-Cre mouse, across DNMS trials without stimulation and with stimulation during the rebound window (blue bar). All trials shown were from same trial block (randomly mixed). Spikes colored by each trial’s first odor (yellow: odor A, green: odor-B). Superimposed interneuronal firing rates from voltage imaging shown for reference (black). Bottom: Same for interneuron from SST-Cre mouse and stimulation during odor-onset. f. Average firing rates of putative pyramidal cells from PV-Cre mice, during the first DNMS odor, with and without optogenetic inhibition of interneurons during the hyperpolarization window, plotted as in Fig. 6 (from left: P = 0.096, 0.956 for average odor responses; two-sided WT). g. Same for SST-Cre animals (from left: P = 0.69, 0.092 for average odor responses; two-sided WT).