Extended Data Fig. 1: Spiking, intracellular theta and locomotion in PV and SST cells.

a. Average action potential waveform and individual examples in PV and SST cells. b. Mean spike amplitude (top) and spike width (bottom) was higher in PV versus SST cells (P = 1.37 × 10⁻⁷ and 5.45 × 10⁻⁶ respectively; two-sided Wilcoxon test – ‘WT’). 1 PV outlier removed from a and b (bottom) for plotting clarity. c. Mean firing rates across locomotion, immobility, and immobility during the reward window in PV vs SST cells (only cells with both locomotion and immobility segments used for locomotion and immobility comparisons: n = 98 vs 95 cells. For third comparison all cells included: 107 vs 93 cells. From left: P = 0.122, 0.0001, 0.0048; two-sided t-test). d. Mean locomotion (a.u.) during odor delivery versus outside odor delivery in each trial in PV-Cre and SST-Cre mice. Black rectangle: Average across trials was significantly higher during odors in both cell groups (n = 1730 trials, P = 6.36 × 10⁻²¹ for PV; n = 1390, P = 0.014 for SST; paired-sample two-sided t-test). e. Mean firing rates of PV and SST cells during locomotion versus immobility segments in each trial. Black rectangle: Average across cells and trials was significantly higher for locomotion in both cell groups (only trials with both motion and immobility segments included, excluding time bins around trial onset and offset – see Methods. n = 985, P = 5.19 × 10⁻¹⁰ for PV, n = 746; P = 0.0003 for SST; paired-sample two-sided t-test). f. Top: Mean intracellular theta amplitude (a.u.) during odor delivery versus outside odor delivery per trial (n = 1730 trials, P = 4.89 × 10⁻¹⁷ for PV; n = 1390, P = 4.21×10⁻¹¹ for SST). Bottom: Mean intracellular theta amplitude during locomotion versus immobility segments in each trial (only trials with both motion and immobility segments included, excluding time points around trial onset and offset – see Methods. n = 1005, P = 0.0023 for PV; n = 763, P = 0.715 for SST; paired-sample two-sided t-test).