Supplementary Figure 8: molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the ion permeation pathway.

a,b, Top view (a) and side view (b) of a self-assembled channel-in-lipid bilayer system. The central cavity between the two subunits (in green) was spontaneously filled by lipid molecules (in white), while the pores within both subunits were exposed to the extracellular side. c,d, A continuous water distribution (in orange) formed within one of the subunits during the simulations. Part of the subunit is removed for clarity, and the narrowest part (black circle) is zoomed in d showing the key residues forming the restriction site of the channel.