Fig. 7: Model for ULK1 activation.
From: Structure and activation of the human autophagy-initiating ULK1C:PI3KC3-C1 supercomplex

a, Binding and recruitment of the ULK1C to the phagophore membrane by PI3KC3-C1. b, Formation of ULK1C:PI3KC3-C1 supercomplex. c, Increase in the local concentration of ULK1C facilitated by PI3KC3-C1. d, Formation of ULK1 (2:2:2) complex.