Online-only Table 1 MERS_CoV occurrences by geography, origin, 405 shape type, and publication.

Algeria

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Leitmeyer, 2014³⁴

Austria

1

Human (import), polygon

Kwok-ming et al., 2015³⁵

Bahrain

1

Human (import), point

Seddiq_2017³⁶

Bangladesh

1

Human (absent), polygon

Muraduzzaman et al., 2018³⁷

1

Camel, polygon

Islam et al., 2018³⁸

Burkina Faso

4

Camel, point

Miguel et al., 2017³²

Canary Islands

1

Camel, polygon

Reusken et al., 2013³⁹

1

Camel, polygon

Gutierrez et al., 2015⁸

1

Human (absent), point

Rubio et al., 2018⁴⁰

China

1

Human (import), polygon

Guan et al., 2015⁴¹

1

Human (import), polygon

Lu et al., 2015⁴²

1

Human (import), polygon

Wu et al., 2015⁴³

1

Bat (MERS-like), polygon

Yang et al., 2014⁴⁴

1

Human (absent), polygon

Liu et al., 2017⁴⁵

1

Human (absent), polygon

Ma et al., 2017⁴⁶

1

Human (import), polygon

Xie et al., 2017⁴⁷

1

Human (import), polygon

Chen et al., 2017⁴⁸

1

Human (import), point

Ling et al., 2015⁴⁹

1

Human (absent), polygon

Liu et al., 2017⁴⁵

Egypt

1

Camel, polygon

Kandeil et al., 2016⁵⁰

1

Camel, polygon

Ali et al., 2017⁵¹

1

Sheep, polygon

1

Camel, polygon

Mueller et al., 2014⁵²

2

Camel, polygon

Chu et al., 2014⁵³

1

Camel, polygon

Perera et al., 2013⁵⁴

12

Camel, point

Ali et al., 2017⁵⁵

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Al-Tawfiq & Memish, 2014⁵⁶

Ethiopia

3

Camel, polygon

Reusken et al., 2014⁵⁷

5

Camel, point

Miguel et al., 2017³²

France

1

Human (import), point

Guery et al., 2013³

1

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (import), polygon

Mailles et al., 2013⁵⁸

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Germany

1

Human (import), point

Drosten et al., 2013⁵⁹

Great Britain

1

Human (import), polygon

Thomas et al., 2014⁴

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Greece

1

Human (import), point

Tsiodras et al., 2014⁶⁰

1

Human (import), point

Kossyvakis et al., 2015⁶¹

Iran

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Yavarian et al., 2015⁶²

1

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (secondary), point

Yousefi et al., 2017⁶³

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Moniri et al., 2015⁶⁴

1

Human (absent), point

Yavarian et al., 2017⁶⁵

1

Human (absent), polygon

Iraq

6

Camel, polygon

Al Salihi & Alrodhan, 2017⁶⁶

5

Human (unspecified), polygon

Israel

1

Camel, polygon

David et al., 2018⁶⁷

1

Camel, point

1

Alpaca, point

1

Llama, point

2

Camel, polygon

Harcourt et al., 2018⁶⁸

Italy

5

Bat (MERS-like), polygon

Lelli et al., 2013⁶⁹

1

Human (import), polygon

Puzelli et al., 2013⁷⁰

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Jordan

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Wickramage et al., 2013⁷¹

2

Camel, point

van Doremalen et al., 2017⁷²

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Puzelli et al., 2013⁷⁰

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Shalhoub et al., 2016⁷³

1

Camel, point

Reusken et al., 2013⁷⁴

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Payne et al., 2014⁷⁵

Kenya

11

Camel, polygon

Corman et al., 2014⁷⁶

2

Human (unspecified), polygon

Liljander et al., 2016⁷⁷

2

Camel, point

Munyua et al., 2017⁷⁸

6

Camel, polygon

1

Camel, polygon

Deem et al., 2015⁷⁹

Kuwait

4

Human (unspecified), polygon

Aly et al., 2017⁸⁰

Lebanon

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Aly et al., 2017⁸⁰

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Sharif-Yakan & Kanj, 2014⁸¹

Malaysia

1

Human (import), polygon

Devi et al., 2014⁸²

Mali

1

Camel, point

Falzarano et al., 2017⁸³

1

Camel, polygon

Morocco

4

Camel, point

Miguel et al., 2017³²

1

Camel, polygon

Netherlands

1

Human (import), polygon

Kraaij-Dirkzwager et al., 2014⁸⁴

Nigeria

4

Camel, polygon

Reusken et al., 2014⁵⁷

1

Camel, polygon

Chu et al., 2015⁸⁵

1

Camel, polygon

So et al., 2018⁸⁶

Oman

1

Human (index), polygon

Al Hammadi et al., 2015⁸⁷

1

Camel, polygon

1

Camel, polygon

Nowotny & Kolodziejek, 2014⁸⁸

1

Camel, polygon

Reusken et al., 2013³⁹

1

Human (index), polygon

Jahan & Al Maqbali, 2015⁸⁹

1

Human (index), polygon

Paden et al., 2017⁹⁰

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Plipat et al., 2017⁹¹

Pakistan

15

Camel, polygon

Saqib et al., 2017⁹²

Philippines

1

Human (import), polygon

Racelis et al., 2015⁹³

Qatar

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Wickramage et al., 2013⁷¹

1

Human (unspecified), point

Varughese et al., 2015⁹⁴

2

Camel, polygon

Farag et al., 2015⁹⁵

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Kwok-ming et al., 2015³⁵

1

Camel, polygon

Raj et al., 2014⁹⁶

1

Alpaca, polygon

Reusken et al., 2016⁹⁷

1

Camel, polygon

1

Camel, polygon

Reusken et al., 2014⁹⁸

2

Human (index), polygon

Haagmans et al., 2014⁷

1

Camel, polygon

11

Human (index), polygon

Reusken et al., 2015⁹⁹

8

Human (index), point

9

Human (index), point

Sikkema et al., 2017¹⁰⁰

Saudi Arabia

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Wickramage et al., 2013⁷¹

1

Human (index), polygon

Oboho et al., 2015¹⁰¹

2

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (secondary), point

Tsiodras et al., 2014⁶⁰

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Al-Gethamy et al., 2015¹⁰²

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Garbati et al., 2016¹⁰³

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Omrani et al., 2013¹⁰⁴

1

Human (secondary), point

Khalid et al., 2016¹⁰⁵

1

Human (secondary), point

Das et al., 2015¹⁰⁶

1

Human (unspecified), point

Alhogbani, 2016¹⁰⁷

1

Human (index), polygon

El Bushra et al., 2016¹⁰⁸

1

Camel, polygon

1

Human (secondary), polygon

2

Human (secondary), point

Alshukairi et al., 2016¹⁰⁹

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Memish, 2013¹¹⁰

1

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (unspecified), point

Al-Hameed et al., 2016¹¹¹

1

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Kapoor et al., 2014¹¹²

1

Human (unspecified), point

Saad et al., 2014¹¹³

2

Human (secondary), point

2

Human (unspecified), point

Arabi et al., 2014¹¹⁴

2

Human (secondary), point

12

Camel, polygon

Sabir et al., 2016¹¹⁵

2

Human (index), polygon

Memish et al., 2014¹¹⁶

2

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Racelis et al., 2015⁹³

1

Human (unspecified), point

Balkhy et al., 2016¹¹⁷

1

Human (secondary), point

8

Human (unspecified), polygon

Noorwali et al., 2015¹¹⁸

8

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Environmental, polygon

Azhar et al., 2014¹¹⁹

1

Human (index), point

Assiri et al., 2013¹²⁰

8

Human (unspecified), point

2

Human (secondary), point

10

Human (unspecified), polygon

1

Human (index), polygon

Azhar et al., 2014¹²¹

1

Camel, polygon

3

Human (index), polygon

Alhakeem et al., 2016¹²²

2

Human (unspecified), polygon

5

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Bialek et al., 2014¹²³

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Assiri et al., 2013¹²⁴

2

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (index), point

Memish et al., 2014¹²⁵

1

Camel, polygon

1

Human (unspecified), point

Alenazi et al., 2017¹²⁶

2

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (secondary), point

Alserehi et al., 2016¹²⁷

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Kossyvakis et al., 2015⁶¹

1

Human (index), polygon

Devi et al., 2014⁸²

1

Camel, polygon

Hemida et al., 2015¹²⁸

10

Camel, polygon

Hemida et al., 2017¹²⁹

8

Human (unspecified), point

Cotten et al., 2013¹³⁰

3

Human (unspecified), point

Cotten et al., 2014¹³¹

5

Human (unspecified), point

Drosten et al., 2015¹³²

1

Human (unspecified), point

Assiri et al., 2016(a)¹³³

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

1

Human (secondary), polygon

23

Human (unspecified), point

Assiri et al., 2016(b)¹³⁴

2

Camel, polygon

Hemida et al., 2014¹³⁵

1

Human (unspecified), point

AlGhamdi et al., 2015¹³⁶

1

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (import), point

Shalhoub et al., 2016⁷³

1

Human (secondary), point

9

Camel, point

Khalafalla et al., 2015¹³⁷

2

Camel, point

Hemida et al., 2013¹³⁸

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Kraaij-Dirkzwager et al., 2014⁸⁴

1

Human (secondary), polygon

2

Human (unspecified), polygon

Memish et al., 2015¹³⁹

2

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (index), polygon

Sherbini et al., 2017¹⁴⁰

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

1

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (unspecified), point

Thabet et al., 2015¹⁴¹

3

Human (unspecified), polygon

Assiri et al., 2016¹⁴²

6

Camel, point

Alagaili et al., 2014¹⁴³

1

Human (secondary), point

Arwady et al., 2016¹⁴⁴

1

Human (unspecified), point

Khalid et al., 2014¹⁴⁵

2

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Bayrakdar et al., 2015¹⁴⁶

1

Human (unspecified), point

Fagbo et al., 2015¹⁴⁷

2

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (index), point

Zaki et al., 2012¹

1

Human (unspecified), point

Balkhy et al., 2016¹⁴⁸

2

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (secondary), point

Hastings et al., 2016¹⁴⁹

2

Human (secondary), point

Alraddadi et al., 2016¹⁵⁰

2

Human (unspecified), point

Mohd et al., 2016¹⁵¹

6

Human (unspecified), polygon

Müller et al., 2015¹⁵²

1

Human (unspecified), point

Almekhlafi et al., 2016¹⁵³

4

Human (unspecified), point

Motabi et al., 2016¹⁵⁴

13

Human (index), point

Alraddadi et al., 2016¹⁵⁵

2

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (secondary), point

Al-Hameed, 2017¹⁵⁶

1

Human (secondary), point

Shalhoub et al., 2015¹⁵⁷

10

Human (unspecified), polygon

Bin Saeed et al., 2017¹⁵⁸

1

Human (unspecified), point

Al-Dorzi et al., 2016¹⁵⁹

1

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Park et al., 2015¹⁶⁰

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Fanoy et al., 2014¹⁶¹

1

Human (unspecified), point

Al Ghamdi et al., 2016¹⁶²

2

Human (secondary), point

2

Human (secondary), point

Alfaraj et al., 2018¹⁶³

1

Human (unspecified), point

Alsaad et al., 2018¹⁶⁴

1

Human (secondary), point

Al-Tawfiq & Hinedi, 2018¹⁶⁵

9

Camel, polygon

Kasem et al., 2018¹⁶⁶

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Paden et al., 2017⁹⁰

1

Human (unspecified), point

Alhetheel et al., 2017¹⁶⁷

1

Human (secondary), point

167

Human (index), polygon

Kasem et al., 2017¹⁶⁸

12

Camel, polygon

10

Camel (absent), polygon

1

Human (unspecified), point

Al-Tawfiq et al., 2017¹⁶⁹

2

Human (unspecified), polygon

Lippold et al., 2017¹⁷⁰

4

Human (unspecified), point

Zhao et al., 2017¹⁷¹

2

Human (secondary), point

Nazer, 2017¹⁷²

1

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (absent), polygon

Alrashid et al., 2017¹⁷³

1

Baboon (absent), polygon

Olarinmoye et al., 2017¹⁷⁴

1

Human (unspecified), point

Al-Tawfiq et al., 2017¹⁷⁵

1

Human (unspecified), point

Alfaraj et al., 2017¹⁷⁶

1

Human (secondary), point

23

Human (unspecified), polygon

El Bushra et al., 2017¹⁷⁷

5

Human (unspecified), point

Aleanizy et al., 2017¹⁷⁸

12

Human (unspecified), polygon

1

Human (index), polygon

Seddiq et al., 2017³⁶

1

Camel, polygon

Harrath & Abu Duhier, 2018¹⁷⁹

4

Camel, polygon

Hemida et al., 2014¹⁸⁰

13

Human (index), point

Alraddadi et al., 2016¹⁸¹

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Memish et al., 2014¹⁸²

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Somalia

2

Camel, polygon

Müller et al., 2014⁵²

South Africa

1

Bat (MERS-like), polygon

Ithete et al., 2013¹⁸³

1

Bat (MERS-like), polygon

Corman et al., 2014¹⁸⁴

South Korea

17

Human (secondary), point

Ki, 2015¹⁸⁵

1

Human (import), point

Cha, et al., 2016¹⁸⁶

1

Human (import), polygon

The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases, and Korean Society for Healthcare-associated Infection Control and Prevention¹⁸⁷

1

Human (secondary), point

Kim et al., 2017¹⁸⁸

1

Human (secondary), point

Rhee et al., 2016¹⁸⁹

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Lu et al., 2015⁴²

1

Human (import), point

Park et al., 2016⁵

1

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (secondary), point

Park et al., 2016¹⁹⁰

1

Human (secondary), point

Kim et al., 2015¹⁹¹

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Choi et al., 2015¹⁹²

2

Environmental, polygon

Kim et al., 2016¹⁹³

1

Bat (MERS-like), polygon

Kim et al., 2016¹⁹⁴

1

Human (secondary), point

Nam et al., 2017¹⁹⁵

1

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Wu et al., 2015⁴³

1

Human (secondary), point

Moon & Son, 2017¹⁹⁶

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Chang et al., 2015¹⁹⁷

1

Human (secondary), point

Cho et al., 2016¹⁹⁸

1

Human (import), polygon

Yang et al., 2015¹⁹⁹

1

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (secondary), point

Choi et al., 2016²⁰⁰

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Park et al., 2016²⁰¹

1

Human (secondary), point

Kim et al., 2016²⁰²

1

Human (secondary), point

Bae, 2015²⁰³

1

Human (import), polygon

Park et al., 2015¹⁶⁰

1

Human (secondary), point

Kim et al., 2016²⁰⁴

1

Human (secondary), point

Ko et al., 2018²⁰⁵

1

Human (import), point

Xiao et al., 2018²⁰⁶

1

Human (secondary), point

1

Human (absent), point

Lee et al., 2017²⁰⁷

1

Human (secondary), point

Go et al., 2017²⁰⁸

1

Human (secondary), point

Ko et al., 2018²⁰⁹

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Xie et al., 2017⁴⁷

1

Human (import), polygon

Lee et al., 2017²¹⁰

3

Human (secondary), point

Choe et al., 2017²¹¹

1

Human (secondary), point

Kim et al., 2017²¹²

3

Human (secondary), polygon

Jeong et al., 2017²¹³

1

Human (absent), polygon

2

Human (secondary), polygon

Park et al., 2017²¹⁴

1

Human (secondary), polygon

Ling et al., 2015⁴⁹

Sudan

1

Camel, polygon

Ali et al., 2017⁵¹

1

Camel, polygon

Müller et al., 2014⁵²

Thailand

1

Human (import), point

Plipat et al., 2017⁹¹

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Wiboonchutikul et al., 2017²¹⁵

Tunisia

1

Human (import), polygon

Abroug et al., 2014²¹⁶

1

Human (secondary), polygon

3

Camel, polygon

Reusken et al., 2014⁵⁷

Turkey

1

Human (import), polygon

Bayrakdar et al., 2015¹⁴⁶

Uganda

1

Bat (MERS-like), point

Anthony et al., 2017²¹⁷

United Arab Emirates

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Wickramage et al., 2013⁷¹

1

Camel, polygon

Wernery et al., 2015a²¹⁸

1

Camel, polygon

Wernery et al., 2015b²¹⁹

1

Camel, point

Meyer et al., 2014²²⁰

2

Camel, polygon

1

Human (index), polygon

Al Hammadi et al., 2015⁸⁷

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Guery et al., 2013³

1

Human (unspecified), point

Drosten et al., 2013⁵⁹

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Ng et al., 2016²²¹

2

Human (index), polygon

Al Muhairi et al., 2016²²²

2

Camel, polygon

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Mailles et al., 2013⁵⁸

1

Camel, polygon

Alexandersen et a., 2014²²³

1

Human (index), point

Malik et al., 2016²²⁴

1

Human (secondary), polygon

6

Camel, polygon

Lau et al., 2016²²⁵

1

Camel, polygon

Yusof et al., 2015²²⁶

2

Camel, polygon

Meyer et al., 2016²²⁷

2

Human (secondary), polygon

Hunter et al., 2016²²⁸

2

Human (unspecified), polygon

Al Hosani et al., 2016²²⁹

2

Human (secondary), polygon

3

Human (index), polygon

Paden et al., 2017⁹⁰

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

4

Human (secondary), polygon

1

Human (import), polygon

3

Camel, polygon

1

Camel, polygon

Yusof et al., 2017²³⁰

1

Camel, polygon

Li et al., 2017²³¹

1

Human (unspecified), point

Habib et al., 2015²³²

1

Camel, point

Wernery et al., 2014²³³

USA

1

Human (import), polygon

Kapoor et al., 2014¹¹²

1

Human (import), polygon

Bialek et al., 2014¹²³

2

Human (import), polygon

Lippold et al., 2017¹⁷⁰

Yemen

1

Human (unspecified), polygon

Buliva et al., 2017²³⁴