Table 4 Individual threats by percent of responses, where mean (%) is the averaged threat percent for each category out of the total threat, with standard deviation, SD; max (%) is the maximum percent contribution of each individual threat to total threat (0–100%); and count is the number of respondents who selected each individual threat as a threat to their fishery.
Threat category | Individual threat | Mean | SD | Max | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Habitat loss Degradation | Deforestation and associated sediment runoff | 13.02 | 13.22 | 100 | 304 |
Riparian loss, degradation | 10.30 | 9.75 | 60 | 301 | |
Channelization | 7.41 | 8.05 | 59 | 152 | |
Dredging | 4.99 | 5.77 | 28 | 89 | |
Habitat loss Hydrological alterations | Wetland drainage | 8.07 | 8.56 | 75 | 215 |
Dams | 16.01 | 15.08 | 83 | 291 | |
Weirs | 8.57 | 9.00 | 50 | 122 | |
Other flood protection | 5.15 | 5.83 | 40 | 92 | |
Extraction for agriculture | 8.07 | 9.56 | 94 | 220 | |
Extraction for industry | 4.20 | 5.17 | 31 | 116 | |
Extraction for urban use | 4.59 | 4.36 | 21 | 146 | |
Pollution | Agricultural effluents | 8.55 | 9.26 | 82 | 339 |
Industrial effluents | 7.00 | 7.28 | 40 | 186 | |
Urban wastewater | 6.44 | 6.36 | 34 | 269 | |
Aquaculture effluents | 5.22 | 5.88 | 27 | 88 | |
Plastics | 4.47 | 4.36 | 28 | 167 | |
Pharmaceuticals | 2.57 | 3.05 | 20 | 72 | |
Oil or gas exploration | 7.27 | 7.67 | 35 | 71 | |
Mining | 9.49 | 10.10 | 62 | 162 | |
Invasive species | Invasive non-native species | 10.73 | 13.20 | 91 | 333 |
Problematic native species | 4.84 | 6.81 | 40 | 73 | |
Introduced genetic material | 3.53 | 4.23 | 25 | 58 | |
Exploitation | Overfishing | 17.93 | 16.96 | 100 | 287 |
Destructive fishing practices | 12.82 | 13.36 | 95 | 245 | |
Weather and climate | Change in water temperature | 7.31 | 8.25 | 60 | 233 |
Change in wind patterns | 3.65 | 4.78 | 23 | 48 | |
Change in flooding (extent, timing) | 7.68 | 7.53 | 40 | 270 | |
Drought | 9.13 | 10.65 | 100 | 216 | |
Change in ice cover | 6.06 | 6.52 | 35 | 62 | |
Other | Other | 15.71 | 16.08 | 100 | 63 |