Fig. 6
From: Long-term annual soil nitrogen surplus across Europe (1850–2019)

Country level comparison between N surplus for the cropland estimated by Zhang et al.5 and this study for the period 1961–2015. The circles in panel (b) and (c) denote the average of the 16 N surplus estimates reconstructed in this study, whereas the bars show the standard deviation. (a) Pearson correlations coefficients (r) values for every country. Countries with white color are excluded from the comparison because they are not part of the Zhang et al.5 dataset, (b) Linear fit between the N surplus values for all countries and all years in the two studies: x-axis shows the N surplus calculated in this study and y-axis presents the N surplus given by Zhang et al.5(c) Relative difference (defined in Eq. 74) in N surplus in this study with respect to Zhang et al.5 against correlation coefficient for each country.