Table 1 List of trace gas measurements discussed in this paper and associated instruments. Unless mentioned otherwise, measurements were continuous from October 2019 to September 2020.

From: Year-round trace gas measurements in the central Arctic during the MOSAiC expedition

Trace gas

Frequency

Time resolution

Sampling location

Instruments

CO2

Continuous

0.1 s

Met City

Cavity ring-down spectrometer (Picarro model G2311-f)

Continuous

0.1 s

CU container

Cavity ring-down spectrometer (Picarro model G2311-f)

Continuous

1 s

Swiss container

Cavity ring-down spectrometer (Picarro model G2401)

Discrete

~weekly

Clean air sector

Cavity ring-down spectrometer

CH4

Continuous

0.1 s

Met City

Cavity ring-down spectrometer (Picarro model G2311-f)

Continuous

0.1 s

CU container

Cavity ring-down spectrometer (Picarro model G2311-f)

Continuous

1 s

Swiss container

Cavity ring-down spectrometer (Picarro model G2401)

Discrete

~weekly

Clean air sector

Cavity ring-down spectrometer

CO

Continuous

1 s

ARM container

Off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscope (Los Gatos Research model 098-0014)

Continuous

1 s

Swiss container

Cavity ring-down spectrometer (Picarro model G2401)

Discrete

~weekly

Clean air sector

Tunable Infrared Laser Direct Absorption Spectroscopy (Aerodyne model CS-108)

N2O

Continuous

1 s

ARM container

Off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscope (Los Gatos Research model 098-0014)

Discrete

~weekly

Clean air sector

Tunable Infrared Laser Direct Absorption Spectroscopy (Aerodyne model CS-108)

O3

Continuous

1 s

ARM container

Ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (Thermo Fisher Scientific model 49i)

Continuous

1 min

CU container

Ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (Thermo Environmental Instruments model 49c)

Continuous

10 s

Swiss container

Ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (2B Technologies model 205)

DMS (June-Sept. 2020)

Continuous

0.1 s

CU container

Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometer (custom fabrication)

Discrete

3 hours

CU container

Gas chromatography with flame photometric detection (Shimadzu GC8/FPD)

SO2

Continuous

1 min

Swiss container

Pulsed fluorescence (Thermo Fisher Scientific model 43i)

Hg(0)

Continuous

15 min

CU container

Cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometer (Tekran model 2537B)

VOCs

Continuous

3 hours

CU container

In-situ air sampling with custom-build inlet system and gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry analysis

Discrete

~weekly

Clean air sector

Mass spectrometry

  1. See Fig. 1 for sampling locations. Note that instruments located in the CU container and at Met City were connected to sampling inlets on the 20-meter bow crane and 10-meter Met City tower, respectively.