Table 3 Estimated instrumental errors. k = (1013.25 hPa - pmean)/100 hPa, where pmean is the average of the whole series and k is used to linearly increase the error with elevation.

From: ModE-RA: a global monthly paleo-reanalysis of the modern era 1421 to 2008

Variable

Description

Error

pressure

baseline

\(\sqrt{3}\) hPa

pressure

average of monthly extremes

\(+\sqrt{4.7}\) hPa

pressure

Julian calendar (interpolated)

\(+\sqrt{4.3}\) hPa

pressure

not reduced to sea level

\(+\sqrt{1.1}\) hPa * k

temperature

baseline

\(\sqrt{0.9}\) K

temperature

average of monthly extremes

\(+\sqrt{1.4}\) K

temperature

Julian calendar (interpolated)

\(+\sqrt{0.8}\) K

precipitation

baseline

max(10 mm, 30%)

precipitation

Julian calendar

+50%

wet days

baseline

2 days

wet days

Julian calendar

+3 days

  1. The + indicates that an additional error is added to the baseline error.