Fig. 4

Comparison of crop water use (CWU) estimates for rainfed maize with Chiarelli et al.24 in 2016 and with Jägermeyr et al.25 averaged for 2010–2015. The latter study is represented by the mean CWU of the ensemble of four models LPJmL, EPIC-IIASA, pDSSAT, and PEPIC. Grid-level differences are calculated relative to values provided by the other studies (yellow to red colours indicate smaller values in ACEA). Extreme values are filtered out. The map is rendered using the Equal Earth projection98.