Fig. 1

Data source and architecture of PCMR (PreCancerous Molecular Resource). PCMR combines precancerous profiles, precancer-gene associations, and functional modules, providing a holistic system for online retrieval, analysis, and visualization of gene signature. The PCMR platform incorporates: (1) high-throughput profiles of precancer and paired normal and/or malignant conditions across various omics, platforms and biological material sources. (2) precancer-gene associations derived from differential analysis of precancerous profiles, text mining of abstracts using the ChatGPT large language model, and manual curation of cancer-related genes from published resources. (3) abundant functionality on the ‘Search’, ‘Browser’ and ‘Analysis’ pages, facilitating the retrieval, analysis and visualization of resources related to precancerous lesions.