Fig. 6

Connectivity of nodes in the climate network. (a) Node connections for Karachi in 2015 showing its interactions within the network. (b) Node connections for Changsha in 2020 illustrating its linkages within the network. Red circles represent Karachi and Changsha, blue circles denote connected nodes, and blue arcs indicate the links between nodes. Red squares highlight the regions of Southern China and the tropical Indian Ocean.