Fig. 1
From: Gridded mobile source emissions with multiple processes and pollutants from 2011 to 2020 in China
Diagram for emission estimation methods. MS: Mobile Source; LF: Load Factors; Ahr: Annual Activity Hours; ES: Emission Standards; VP: Vehicle Populations; Age: Vehicle Age: NRM: Non-road Machinery; GEI: Technical Guidelines on Emission Inventory; EFs: Emission Factors; CTMs: Chemical Transportation Models; ①-⑦ represents the improvements of GMED, including modelling VP for each county, reallocation the fuel compositions specific to each province, modelling the ES distribution and VKT variations, compiling a comprehensive EF database for MS, integrating measured activity data for non-road MS, and providing detailed spatiotemporal allocation of emissions.
