Figure 3

Conductivities of Na2TiO3 and Na2Ti0.94Cr0.06O2.97 measured in air at 200 °C. (a) AC impedance plots •◾: Experimental values. The solid line represents simulated data using an equivalent circuit of (RgC1)(RgbCPE1C2) (where Rg and Rgb are the resistances of grain and grain-boundary respectively, CPE is the constant phase element, C is the capacitor). (b) DC polarization measurement at constant voltage of 1 V using Ag blocking electrodes.