Figure 2

Coherence with controlling effects of psychological covariates. The lines represent estimated coherence means of the groups by GEE at each location for the (a) delta, (b) theta, (c) alpha, (d) beta, and (e) gamma bands. Both effects of demographic data (age, education, and IQ) and psychological data (scores on the BDI-II, BAI, and BIS-11) were controlled in analyses. The meaning of bar scales ranging from −0.5 (blue) to 0.5 (red). Fisher’s Z-transformed scores were used for the EEG data. IGD = Internet gaming disorder; AUD = alcohol use disorder; HC = healthy control; GEE = generalized estimating model; EEG = electroencephalography; IQ = intelligence quotient; BDI-II = Beck Depression Inventory-II; BAI = Beck Anxiety Inventory; and BIS-11 = Barratt Impulsivity Scale-11.