Table 3 Viscoelastic parameters of NMuMG cells before and during EMT.

From: Measuring nanoscale viscoelastic parameters of cells directly from AFM force-displacement curves

NMuMG cell line

E Hertz (kPa)

E 0 (kPa)

α

Monolayer (epithelial state) (N = 62)

1.9 ± 1.4 (1.3 ± 0.6)

5.4 ± 3.1 (4.8 ± 2.2)

0.18 ± 0.06 (0.18 ± 0.04)

48 h TGF-β1 induction (N = 67)

4.0 ± 3.4 (3.0 ± 2.1)

8.0 ± 5.1 (6.7 ± 3.0)

0.15 ± 0.08 (0.12 ± 0.03)

96 h TGF-β1 induction (N = 68)

3.8 ± 2.6 (3.2 ± 1.2)

6.4 ± 4.4 (5.1 ± 1.8)

0.10 ± 0.02 (0.10 ± 0.01)

  1. N is the number of measured cells. Mean ± s.d. (median ± m.a.d.).