Table 3 A comparison of morphological features of B. tibetanus from the Qinling Mountains (analysis of covariance) (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01).

From: Phylogeographical structure and demographic expansion in the endemic alpine stream salamander (Hynobiidae: Batrachuperus) of the Qinling Mountains

Variable

Western group

Eastern group

Categorical variable

F-value

Female

Male

Body mass (g)

27.86 (9.57)

24.55 (9.60)

group

0.22

25.36 (9.56)

25.67 (9.85)

sex

0.40

Tail length (mm)

98.84 (16.65)

91.43 (13.44)

group

0.54

92.10 (14.98)

95.09 (14.53)

sex

4.81*

Total length (mm)

196.14 (27.38)

183.99 (22.01)

group

0.28

186.43 (24.71)

188.65 (23.88)

sex

3.87

Head length (mm)

26.09 (2.92)

25.01 (2.61)

group

0.26

25.21 (2.68)

25.44 (2.81)

sex

1.99

Head width (mm)

18.74 (2.20)

18.16 (2.32)

group

1.04

18.33 (2.34)

18.34 (2.26)

sex

0.16

Snout length (mm)

5.34 (0.67)

5.32 (0.60)

group

4.66*

5.32 (0.60)

5.34 (0.64)

sex

0.47

Trunk length (mm)

76.17 (9.69)

71.62 (8.19)

group

1.40

73.48 (9.51)

72.42 (8.20)

sex

4.06*

Interocular space (mm)

6.85 (0.73)

6.69 (0.82)

group

1.88

6.74 (0.78)

6.74 (0.81)

sex

0.21

Eye diameter (mm)

3.98 (0.46)

3.62 (0.39)

group

12.86**

3.70 (0.45)

3.75 (0.43)

sex

0.15

Tail height (mm)

12.25 (1.87)

12.21 (2.18)

group

3.16

11.92 (2.12)

12.53 (2.03)

sex

5.23*

Forelimb length (mm)

25.09 (2.69)

23.79 (2.29)

group

0.86

23.89 (2.32)

24.45 (2.61)

sex

5.92*

Hind limb length (mm)

30.01 (3.62)

29.20 (2.87)

group

1.81

29.23 (3.20)

29.65 (3.04)

sex

2.99

Axilla-groin length (mm)

52.90 (6.87)

48.12 (7.25)

group

5.27*

50.00 (6.71)

49.02 (8.13)

sex

1.10

  1. The dataset contained 35 individuals from the western group and 85 from the eastern group, according to the population group determined by the Spatial Analysis of Molecular Variance (SAMOVA). The measurements of morphological features in this table were mean values and standard deviation.