Figure 1
From: Entanglement concentration for arbitrary four-particle linear cluster states

Schematic drawing of ECP for a four-particle cluster state with linear optics. PBS represents a polarizing beam splitter, which transmits the particle in the horizontal polarization |H〉 and reflects the particle in the vertical polarization |V〉. R i represents a wave plate which can rotate the vertical polarization |V〉 with an angle θ i  = arccos (λ 0/λ i ). Symbol D 1 and D 2 are the single-photon detectors.