Figure 1

(a) Inflated view of left hemisphere atlas brain with the two regions stimulated in this experiment (AG and IPS) and relative coordinates as in meta-analysis of He et al.³⁶ and Wirth et al.²³. (b) Example of the display sequence in the semantic memory task. Every 4 ± 0.5 sec a cue stimulus (a red small cross) was presented for 200 ms. The rTMS train (150 ms duration, 20-Hz frequency, and intensity set at 100% of the individual motor threshold) was delivered simultaneously to the cue onset. After 2 sec, a target word was presented for 500 ms at the centre of the screen and denoted a Living (50%) or a Non-Living (50%) entity. Subjects were instructed to maintain fixation on a central black cross, and to make a living/non-living judgment by pressing a corresponding button of the response box with their left/right index finger.