Figure 1

Patient recruitment and demography. Patients of all ages attending the Bandim or Belem health care centres, with a fever or a history of fever within the past 24 hours, were tested for malaria positivity with an RDT. If the patient tested positive, the patient was asked for informed consent in donating the RDT used to test them for malaria infection. The malaria-positive patients were furthermore asked for informed consent in donating venous blood. If consent was given for this procedure, the blood was drawn and the patient was included in the study. In total, 457 malaria-positive patients gave consent to donate their RDTs and 318 of these patients gave consent to donate venous blood. If venous blood was donated, the RDT was not used for the analysis.