Figure 3

(a) Schematic illustration of M-H and XPS measurements, (b) M-H curves under various voltages, (c–h) XPS curves of Mn and Ti ions, (i) voltage dependence of Ms and Mn4+/Ti3+, for the NPL heterostructure.
(a) Schematic illustration of M-H and XPS measurements, (b) M-H curves under various voltages, (c–h) XPS curves of Mn and Ti ions, (i) voltage dependence of Ms and Mn4+/Ti3+, for the NPL heterostructure.