Table 1 Comparison of Bi-2212 growth by various groups on melt quenched process with the present work.

Jung et al.^{22, 26}

Powder pellets sintering

Inner compressive stress

Bi-2212 growth with T _c  = 75 K

Zhou et al.²⁷

Amorphous glassy pellets sintering

Inner compressive stress

Bi-2212 growth mainly near the surface of the metal quenched

Matsubara et al.²³

Amorphous glassy pellets sintering

Inner compressive stress

Bi-2212 growth with T _c  = 70 K and J _c ~ 10⁴–10 A/cm²

Ramanathan et al.¹¹

Amorphous glassy pellets sintering

Inner compressive stress

Bi-2212 growth with needle like grains

Mastubara et al.²⁸

Annealing Bi- rich melt

Seeded growth

Bi-2212 whiskers grown perpendicular to the glassy substrate

Kraf et al.²⁵

Melt annealing

Self flux growth

Ribbon like Bi-2212 whiskers with T _c  = 80 K

Present work

Commercial BSCCO powder sintering

Inner compressive stress

Single Crystalline Bi-2212, ribbon like whiskers with T _c  = 86 K for the exfoliated thin flakes.