Table 1 The baseline characteristics of included studies.

From: Systematic Review and Cumulative Analysis of the Combination of Mitomycin C plus Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Combination regimen of MMC+BCG

Reference

Country

Ethnicity

Recruitment period

Study design

LOE

Tumor stage

No. of cases receiving MMC+BCG

Mean/median age(yr)

Mean/median follow-up time (mo)

A single dose of perioperative MMC prior to instillation with BCG

 

Badalato et al.14

USA

mixed

2000–2010

Retrospective comparative trial

3

Ta, T1, Tis

48

69.6

33

 

Gülpinar et al.10

Turkey

Europeans

2004–2006

RCT

2b

Ta, T1

25

58.2

41.3

 

Ye et al.15

China

Asian

1997–2002

RCT

2b

Ta, T1

50

57

32

 

Weiss et al.29

USA

mixed

1977–2009

Retrospective comparative trial

3

Ta, T1, Tis

23

54

Sequential instillation with MMC and BCG

 

Di Stasi et al.11

Italy

Europeans

1994–2002

RCT

2b

T1, Tis

107

66

91

 

Oosterlinck et al.16

Multi-country in Europe

Europeans

2001–2005

RCT

1b

Ta, T1, Tis

41

68

56.4

 

He et al.17

China

Asians

2005–2009

RCT

2b

Ta, T1

40

61.2

21.2

 

Liu et al.18

China

Asians

2000–2003

RCT

2b

Ta, T1

59

55

35

 

Ma et al.19

China

Asians

1996–1998

RCT

2b

29

52

37.9

 

Kaasinen et al.20 and Järvinen et al.21

Finland

Europeans

1992–1996

RCT

2a

Ta, T1

102

68

30.7

          

117.6

 

Svatek et al.22

USA

mixed

Case series

4

Ta, T1, Tis

12

67

21.4

 

Cai et al.23

China

Asians

2007–2011

Case series

4

Ta, T1

30

60.3

20.4

 

Gan et al.30

UK

Europeans

2009–2013

Retrospective cohort study

3

Ta, T1, Tis

104

68

24

 

Witjes et al.31

Netherlands

Europeans

1991–1993

RCT

2a

Ta, T1, Tis

90

32

 

Van der Meijden et al.32

Netherlands

Europeans

1990–1992

Case series

4

Ta, T1

35

70

19.8

Alternating instillation with MMC and BCG

 

Rintala et al.33 and Järvinen et al.12

Finland

Europeans

1987–1992

RCT

2a

Ta, T1, Tis

28

66

33

          

86.4

 

Kaasinen et al.24

Finland, Norway and Sweden

Europeans

1992–1997

RCT

2a

Ta, T1, Tis

159

71

56.3

 

Zhang et al.25 and Sun et al.26

China

Asians

1998–2006

Retrospective comparative trial

3

Ta, T1

32

62.5

28

 

Bao et al.27

China

Asians

1999–2006

Retrospective comparative trial

3

Ta, T1, Tis

20

70

24

 

Rintala et al.34

Finland

Europeans

1987–1992

RCT

2a

Ta, T1

95

68.5

34

Mixed instillation with MMC plus BCG

 

Solsona et al.13

Spain

Europeans

1993–1994

RCT

1b

Ta, T1, Tis

211

65

85.2

 

Fang et al.28

China

Asians

1999–2000

RCT

2a

Ta, T1

21

67.5

23.4

  1. BCG = bacillus Calmette-Guerin; LOE = level of evidence; MMC = mitomycin C; RCT = randomized controlled trial.