Table 3 Pooled risk estimates between lowest categories compared with highest categories of soy consumption and gastrointestinal cancer risk.
From: Meta-analysis of Soy Consumption and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk
Exposure | Gender difference | Gastrointestinal | Gastric | Colorectal | I2 | Begg’s test | Egger’s test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Incidence | |||||||
Mixed exposure | Both genders | 0.941 (0.841, 1.052) | 0.939 (0.782, 1.127) | 0.947 (0.820, 1.094) | 56.4% | 0.581 | 0.682 |
Male | 0.922 (0.791, 1.074) | 0.843 (0.680, 1.046) | 1.039 (0.871, 1.240) | 43.8% | 0.902 | 0.648 | |
Female | 0.828 (0.680, 1.009) | 0.778 (0.562, 1.076) | 0.865 (0.662, 1.129) | 59.8% | 0.213 | 0.117 | |
Soy product | Both genders | 0.857 (0.766, 0.959)* | 0.847 (0.722, 0.994)* | 0.862 (0.722, 1.030) | 44.3% | 0.101 | 0.044* |
Male | 0.862 (0.726, 1.024) | 0.804 (0.640, 1.010) | 0.965 (0.762, 1.222) | 40.9% | 0.707 | 0.532 | |
Female | 0.730 (0.591, 0.903)* | 0.711 (0.506, 0.999)* | 0.734 (0.533, 1.010) | 49.6% | 0.108 | 0.075 | |
Isoflavone | Both genders | 0.973 (0.899, 1.054) | 0.897 (0.733, 1.097) | 0.997 (0.907, 1.096) | 29.2% | 0.760 | 0.594 |
Male | 0.996 (0.882, 1.124) | 0.931 (0.783, 1.018) | 1.078 (0.851, 1.366) | 31.2% | 1.000 | 0.609 | |
Female | 0.936 (0.781, 1.123) | 0.824 (0.469, 1.449) | 0.967 (0.791, 1.181) | 44.9% | 0.133 | 0.179 | |
Miso soup | Both genders | 1.064 (0.956, 1.183) | 1.094 (0.966, 1.238) | 0.939 (0.763, 1.156) | 41.1% | 0.213 | 0.266 |
Male | 1.059 (0.956, 1.173) | 1.092 (0.977, 1.220) | 0.880 (0.671, 1.154) | 0.0% | 1.000 | 0.984 | |
Female | 0.933 (0.798, 1.235) | 0.977 (0.701, 1.362) | 1.030 (0.746, 1.422) | 42.6% | 0.734 | 0.826 | |
Mortality | |||||||
Mixed exposure | Both genders | 0.926 (0.824, 1.041) | 0.898 (0.707, 1.142) | 0.854 (0.689, 1.041) | 23.1% | 0.902 | 0.636 |
Male | 0.897 (0.771, 1.043) | 0.889 (0.648, 1.218) | 0.826 (0.616, 1.108) | 19.6% | 1.000 | 0.16 | |
Female | 1.017 (0.840, 1.231) | 1.100 (0.865, 1.399) | 0.888 (0.648, 1.216) | 0.0% | 0.902 | 0.453 | |
Soy product | Both genders | 0.831 (0.665–1.038) | 0.796 (0.573, 1.106) | 1.177 (0.274, 5.061) | 30.2% | 0.680 | 0.825 |
Male | 0.883 (0.541, 1.444) | 0.864 (0.503, 1.486) | 1.500 (0.200, 11.225) | 48.0% | 1.000 | 0.628 | |
Female | 0.932 (0.606, 1.434) | 0.933 (0.601, 1.449) | 0.900 (0.108, 7.476) | 1.0% | 0.806 | 0.731 | |
Miso soup | Both genders | 0.917 (0.753, 1.118) | 0.942 (0.645, 1.376) | 0.848 (0.683, 1.054) | 42.3% | 0.754 | 0.372 |
Male | 0.752 (0.520, 1.089) | 0.477 (0.104, 2.200) | 0.815 (0.606, 1.098) | 66.1% | 0.089 | 0.060 | |
Female | 1.038 (0.839, 1.285) | 1.180 (0.886, 1.572) | 0.888 (0.646, 1.220) | 0.0% | 1.000 | 0.712 | |
