Figure 4

A. cerana foragers avoided some A. cerana alarm pheromone components in the feeder choice experiment. (A) Avoidance of alarm pheromone would result in >50% of bees choosing the control feeder (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns = not significant). (B) The difference threshold (the lowest concentration that elicited significant avoidance). Foragers were most sensitive to BA. Means and standard errors are shown.