Table 2 Wet-blue fatliquoring process.

From: Fabrication of modified hydrogenated castor oil/GPTMS-ZnO composites and effect on UV resistance of leather

Process

Amount [%]

Agent

Temperature [°C]

Time [min]

pH

Comments

Wetting back

200

Water

45

   

0.50

Formic acid

 

30

3.5

 

0.30

Wetting agent

   

Drain

Washing

300

Water

45

15

 

Drain

Retanage

100

Water

40

240

  

5

Chromium salt

  

4.0–4.2

Leave overnight, next morning run for 30 min, drain

Neutralization

200

Water

35

   

2

Sodium formate

 

30

  

1.0–1.5

Sodium bicarbonate

 

2 × 15 + 60

5.5–5.8

Drain

Washing

200

Water

35

15

 

Drain

Fatliquoring

150

Water

55

   

15

Fatliquoring agenta

 

90

  

2

Formic acid

 

3 × 20 + 30

3.8–4.0

Rinse, horse up

  1. a Experiment I-15% MHCO/GPTMS-ZnO, Experiment II-15% MHCO, Experiment III-15% commercial product.