Figure 3

Effect of L-ascorbic acid and chondroitin sulphate on AMPK and SIRT1 expression in inflammation-activated VSMC in vitro. Upregulation of AMPK (A) (*P = 0.041, **P = 0.002) and SIRT1 (B) (*P = 0.015, **P = 0.002) in VSMCs incubated with L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) and chondroitin sulphate (CS) compared to control. Data expressed as median and interquartile range with maximum and minimum data points (whiskers) for relative expression and compared by Mann-Whitney U test.