Table 3 The effect of two seed pelleting formulae with various pelleting times and CaO₂ contents on seedling growth parameters of direct-seeded rice under waterlogging conditions (1.5 cm water layer) at 8 DAS in Experiment 2.

Naked seed

0

1.92 ± 0.06 j

2.41 ± 0.37 g

6.21 ± 0.27 k

3.61 ± 1.31 gh

Pelleting Formula 1

1:1

0

2.25 ± 0.30 j

2.01 ± 0.91 gh

6.80 ± 0.66 k

3.79 ± 1.32 fgh

1:1

10%

4.21 ± 0.48 gh

6.17 ± 0.40 cd

14.15 ± 1.80 i

8.63 ± 2.17 de

1:1

20%

8.00 ± 0.64 c

8.38 ± 1.03 ab

27.22 ± 2.57 cd

17.02 ± 1.42 abc

1:1

40%

9.22 ± 0.80 b

8.88 ± 0.61 ab

28.39 ± 2.29 cd

18.66 ± 0.47 a

1:1

60%

10.54 ± 0.63 a

9.58 ± 0.80 a

33.84 ± 2.39 ab

18.36 ± 5.05 ab

3:1

0

2.47 ± 0.34 ij

3.65 ± 1.14 fg

8.64 ± 1.44 k

4.78 ± 1.40 fg

3:1

10%

7.83 ± 1.04 c

8.16 ± 1.46 ab

26.67 ± 2.98 cd

14.07 ± 1.68 c

3:1

20%

9.96 ± 0.71 ab

8.35 ± 0.77 ab

35.18 ± 0.71 a

19.55 ± 0.58 a

3:1

40%

6.59 ± 0.44 de

7.26 ± 0.97 bcd

25.22 ± 0.85 de

14.57 ± 0.90 c

3:1

60%

5.05 ± 0.22 fg

5.66 ± 0.80 de

22.29 ± 0.72 ef

10.24 ± 0.79 d

5:1

0

2.89 ± 0.22 ij

4.25 ± 1.42 ef

10.03 ± 1.24 jk

5.50 ± 2.49 efg

5:1

10%

7.75 ± 0.43 cd

7.56 ± 0.86 bc

29.95 ± 0.53 bc

15.32 ± 0.85 bc

5:1

20%

10.40 ± 0.18 a

8.23 ± 0.41 ab

34.77 ± 0.57 a

19.82 ± 2.18 a

5:1

40%

5.82 ± 0.06 ef

4.21 ± 0.87 ef

20.30 ± 0.89 fg

7.09 ± 0.89 def

5:1

60%

4.28 ± 0.24 gh

2.39 ± 0.81 g

16.30 ± 0.07 hi

4.81 ± 0.23 fg

7:1

0

2.59 ± 0.16 Ij

2.43 ± 1.82 g

8.34 ± 0.91 k

3.18 ± 1.74 gh

7:1

10%

10.25 ± 0.33 ab

9.34 ± 1.10 a

34.60 ± 2.47 a

18.72 ± 3.72 a

7:1

20%

7.90 ± 0.15 c

7.24 ± 0.69 bcd

26.90 ± 0.58 cd

14.93 ± 1.86 c

7:1

40%

5.03 ± 0.11 fg

3.19 ± 1.82 fg

18.10 ± 0.90 gh

5.87 ± 2.92 efg

7:1

60%

3.61 ± 0.19 hi

0.62 ± 0.36 h

13.84 ± 0.73 Ij

1.44 ± 0.75 h

Naked seed

0

1.92 ± 0.06 g

2.41 ± 0.37 gh

6.21 ± 0.27 k

3.61 ± 1.31 jk

Pelleting Formula 2

1:1

0

1.74 ± 0.19 g

1.29 ± 0.90 h

5.04 ± 1.02 k

2.01 ± 0.37 k

1:1

10%

5.12 ± 0.21 cd

5.19 ± 1.20 de

15.49 ± 1.18 i

9.93 ± 2.52 f

1:1

20%

7.11 ± 0.23 b

7.48 ± 1.15 bc

21.73 ± 1.02 f

14.62 ± 0.11 de

1:1

40%

9.43 ± 0.58 a

8.25 ± 1.09 abc

28.26 ± 1.85 cd

16.94 ± 2.44 cd

1:1

60%

10.02 ± 0.17 a

8.62 ± 0.60 ab

31.46 ± 0.79 ab

20.96 ± 2.30 ab

3:1

0

3.64 ± 0.78 ef

4.11 ± 1.54 ef

11.74 ± 1.56 j

5.56 ± 2.50 ijk

3:1

10%

5.69 ± 0.66 c

6.77 ± 1.94 cd

19.75 ± 1.31 fg

11.56 ± 3.96 ef

3:1

20%

9.60 ± 0.18 a

8.92 ± 0.43 ab

31.08 ± 0.49 bc

19.62 ± 1.31 abc

3:1

40%

7.12 ± 0.33 b

7.90 ± 0.09 abc

25.03 ± 0.92 d

15.22 ± 0.42 d

3:1

60%

5.31 ± 0.14 cd

4.93 ± 0.89 e

18.92 ± 0.84 fgh

9.59 ± 1.01 fg

5:1

0

3.03 ± 0.21 f

4.13 ± 0.82 ef

9.63 ± 0.62 j

5.89 ± 0.68 hij

5:1

10%

7.43 ± 0.51 b

8.42 ± 0.71 abc

26.09 ± 2.30 de

16.24 ± 4.63 cd

5:1

20%

10.28 ± 0.32 a

9.43 ± 0.44 a

33.13 ± 0.53 ab

22.91 ± 0.86 a

5:1

40%

5.32 ± 0.53 cd

4.63 ± 2.08 e

19.37 ± 0.87 fg

9.18 ± 3.22 fgh

5:1

60%

4.61 ± 0.26 de

2.63 ± 1.07 fg

17.01 ± 0.99 ghi

4.61 ± 2.14 jk

7:1

0

3.22 ± 0.21 f

4.34 ± 1.22 ef

11.46 ± 0.84 j

6.10 ± 0.81 g hij

7:1

10%

10.43 ± 0.15 a

9.12 ± 0.20 ab

34.33 ± 0.77 a

18.19 ± 1.91 bcd

7:1

20%

8.11 ± 0.45 b

8.22 ± 0.72 bc

27.82 ± 1.64 de

16.70 ± 1.32 cd

7:1

40%

5.66 ± 0.40 cd

4.05 ± 1.83 ef

21.75 ± 1.13 f

8.25 ± 1.52 fgIj

7:1

60%

3.76 ± 0.22 ef

1.10 ± 0.54 h

15.98 ± 0.36 hi

2.81 ± 1.13 jk

ns

ns

ns

ns

*

**

ns

**

**

**

**

**

ns

**

**

ns

ns

ns

*

ns

**

**

**

**

ns

ns

ns

ns