Table 4 The most abundant fecal microbial symbionts of the fry after mucus feeding (80–100 DPH) are differentially shared between the fry and three microbial niches which are potential sources of symbionts for inoculation of the fry microbiota during development: breeding discus mucus, adult diet, and environmental water. In this table, the fry development stage at 80–100 DPH was used instead of fry at 50–80 DPH, because its taxonomic structure is non-significantly different from the adult fecal microbiota. The relative abundance of each taxa was printed in bold in the potential microbial source (breeding discus mucus, adult diet, and environmental water) where they were the most abundant. The parental feces were included in this table as a comparison to fry feces at 80–100 DPH. Parental feces were not considered as a potential microbial source, as the recruitment index from this niche was not significant at any of the developmental stages (0–3, 4–20, 50–80, 80–100 DPH), see Fig. 3. Non-breeding discus mucus is intentionally not included in this table as it is not a potential source of microbial symbionts for the fry. In this table, “BDM” stands for “Breeding discus mucus”.

From: Vertically and horizontally transmitted microbial symbionts shape the gut microbiota ontogenesis of a skin-mucus feeding discus fish progeny

OTU taxonomy (lowest level possible)

Relative abundance in fry feces after mucus feeding (80–100 DPH) (%)

Relative abundance in parental fecal microbiota (%)

Relative abundance in BDM (4–20 DPH) (%)

Adult diet

Relative abundance in water (0–3 DPH) (%)

Bacteroides

46.24

37.21

1.26

0.19

5.80

Cetobacterium

32.84

26.80

0.05

0.00

2.30

Aeromonadaceae

4.38

3.40

0.03

0.03

1.00

Bacteroidaceae

4.01

4.13

0.01

0.00

0.50

Plesiomonas

3.54

10.73

0.02

0.08

0.21

Neisseriaceae

1.16

1.85

0.05

0.00

0.19

Alcaligenaceae

1.13

0.20

0.00

0.00

0.15

Diaphorobacter

0.85

0.33

3.96

0.06

2.23

Comamonadaceae

0.83

0.51

6.93

0.13

3.44

Enterobacteriaceae

0.70

4.69

1.20

0.00

0.38

Comamonadaceae

0.62

0.33

3.60

0.00

1.19

Erysipelotrichaceae

0.38

0.09

0.00

2.28

0.10

Rhodobacter

0.34

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.61

Enterobacteriaceae

0.34

0.57

0.00

0.00

0.02

Oxalobacter

0.24

0.07

14.96

0.09

0.21

Bacteroidaceae

0.24

1.40

0.00

0.00

0.07

PW3 (Rikenellaceae)

0.18

0.36

0.00

0.00

0.41

Peptostreptococcaceae

0.16

0.10

0.01

0.00

0.05

Vogesella

0.16

0.03

0.74

0.00

0.55

Comamonas

0.13

0.06

0.27

0.00

0.07