Table 2 Metabolites selected as biomarkers characterized in hypothalamus profiles and their change trends.

From: An integrated strategy by using target tissue metabolomics biomarkers as pharmacodynamic surrogate indices to screen antipyretic components of Qingkaikling injection

No.

Compounds

t R (min)

m/z

VIP

Trend in MGa

Trend in TGb

Positive ion mode

1

Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)

6.99

348.0700

6.4

↑***

↓*

2

ADP-D-ribose

10.26

560.0785

2.75

↑***

↓***

3

Guanosine monophosphate (GMP)

10.88

364.0648

3.49

↑***

↓***

4

Adenosine

11.52

268.1042

1.83

↑**

↓

5

Inosinic acid (IMP)

12.22

349.0539

3.17

↑***

↓***

6

N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP

17.97

464.0794

2.58

↑***

↓***

Negative ion mode

1

L-Aspartic acid

2.91

132.0302

1.42

↑*

↓**

2

5’-CMP

3.47

322.0441

1.21

↑**

↓**

3

D-Glucuronic acid

4.27

175.0248

4.03

↑***

↓**

4

Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)

7.09

346.0552

10.3

↑***

↓***

5

Uridine

9.27

243.0620

2.75

↓**

↑*

6

Oxidised glutathione

9.61

611.1441

5.32

↑***

↓***

7

N-acetylaspartylglutamic acid

10.80

303.0831

2.38

↑*

↓*

8

Guanosine monophosphate (GMP)

10.97

362.0502

4.64

↑***

↓***

9

ADP

11.23

426.0220

1.75

↑*

↓***

10

Inosinic acid (IMP)

12.33

347.0388

7.34

↑**

↓***

11

UDP-D-galactose

17.01

565.0474

3.27

↑**

↓***

12

N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP

18.10

462.0667

4.97

↑***

↓***

  1. The levels of potential biomarkers were labeled with (↓) downregulated and (↑) upregulated (* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; one-way ANOVA followed by independent samples t-test).
  2. aChange trend compared with CG.
  3. bChange trend compared with MG.