Table 1 Formulation and proximate composition of the experimental diets (% dry matter).

From: Dietary arginine affects the insulin signaling pathway, glucose metabolism and lipogenesis in juvenile blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala

Ingredients

Diet number

1

2

3

4

5

6

Fish meala

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

Rapeseed meala

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

Corn starch

12.10

12.10

12.10

12.10

12.10

12.10

Corn glutena

22.00

22.00

22.00

22.00

22.00

22.00

Soybean oil

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

Soybean lecithin

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

Amino acid mixb

9.24

9.24

9.24

9.24

9.24

9.24

Choline chloride

0.10

0.10

0.10

0.10

0.10

0.10

Wheat meala

22.00

22.00

22.00

22.00

22.00

22.00

Vitamin and mineral premixc

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.50

Monocalcium phosphate

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

Vitamin C

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

Microcrystalline cellulose

10.00

10.00

10.00

10.00

10.00

10.00

Ethoxy quinoline

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

Glycine

2.00

1.60

1.20

0.80

0.40

0.00

L-arginine

0.00

0.40

0.80

1.20

1.60

2.00

Bentonite

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

Proximate analysis (% Dry basis)

L-arginine

0.87

1.22

1.62

1.96

2.31

2.70

Crude protein

33.64

33.68

33.84

33.34

34.76

34.59

Crude lipid

7.73

7.62

7.61

7.27

7.28

7.23

Ash

5.01

5.02

5.05

5.01

5.1

5.08

  1. aRapeseed meal obtained from Wuxi Tongwei feedstuffs Co., Ltd, Wuxi, China, crude protein 37.5%, crude lipid 1.4%; Corn gluten, obtained from Wuxi Tongwei feedstuffs Co., Ltd, Wuxi, China, crude protein 55.9%, crude lipid 3.3%; fish meal, obtained from Wuxi Tongwei feedstuffs Co., Ltd, Wuxi, China, crude protein 61.4%, crude lipid 9.3%; wheat meal obtained from Wuxi Tongwei feedstuffs Co., Ltd, Wuxi, China, crude protein 11.8%, crude lipid 1.2%.
  2. bAmino acid premix (g/100 g diet): L-histidine, 0.22; L-isoleucine, 0.50; L-lysine, 1.57; L -phenylalanine, 0.2; L-threonine, 0.53; L-valine, 0.44; L-aspartic acid, 1.18; serine, 0.31; glycine, 1.55; alanine; 0.39; L -tyrosine,0.07; tryptophan, 0.12; glumatic acid, 0.14; proline 0.10. Amino acids obtained fromFeeer Co., LTD (Shanghai, China).
  3. cVitamin and mineral mix (IU or mg/ kgof diet): Vitamin A, 900 000 IU; Vitamin D, 250 000 IU; Vitamin E, 4500 mg; Vitamin K 3, 220 mg; VitaminB 1, 320 mg; Vitamin B 2, 1090 mg; Vitamin B 5, 2000 mg; Vitamin B 6, 5000 mg; Vitamin B 12, 116 mg; Pantothenate, 1000 mg; Folic acid,165 mg; Choline, 60 000 mg; Biotin, 50 mg; Niacin acid, 2500 mg;provided by Tongwei Feed Group Co. (Jiangsu, China).Supplied as L-form (99%, Shanghai Feeer Technology Development Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China).Mineral mix (g /kg of diet): calciumbiphosphate, 20 g; sodiumchloride, 2.6; potassium chloride, 5 g; magnesium sulphate, 2 g; ferrous sulphate, 0.9 g; zinc sulphate, 0.06 g;cupric sulphate, 0.02; manganese sulphate, 0.03 g; sodium selenate, 0.02 g; cobalt chloride, 0.05 g; potassium iodide, 0.004; and zeolite was used as a carrier.