Figure 1
From: Neanderthal-Derived Genetic Variation Shapes Modern Human Cranium and Brain
NeanderScore related skull shape changes. Associations between skull morphology and percentage of Neanderthal-derived SNPs (NeanderScore) in modern humans (Left), compared to differences between Neanderthal and modern human skulls (Right). Left panel shows regions with morphological changes, measured in vivo, related to NeanderScore and overlaid on the average skull of all 146 participants. Warm colors represent areas for which NeanderScore correlated with skull expansion (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). There were no findings in the opposite direction. Right panel depicts previously published shape differences between Neanderthals and modern humans, from archeological samples, overlaid on a modern human skull. Red regions represent skull expansion in Neanderthals relative to modern humans; green represents contraction, adapted by permission from Macmillian Publishers Ltd: Nature2, © 2001. Note the convergence of in vivo and archeological data in occipito-parieto-temporal regions (arrows).
