Table 2 Principal component analysis, correlation between principal components (PCs) and 3-dimensional scapular kinematics/4-muscle EMG.

Pattern I	PC1	PC2	PC3
upward rotation*	−0.59~−0.42	0.24~0.34	0.09~0.46
posterior tipping*	−0.50~−0.33	0.11~0.37	−0.13~−0.11
external rotation*	−0.29~−0.13	0.53~0.59	−0.20~−0.12
UT	0.26~0.41	−0.34~−0.22	0.11~0.27
MT	0.44~0.49	0.40~0.67	0.28~0.42
LT	0.41~0.61	0.22~0.32	−0.57~−0.44
SA	0.20~0.51	−0.18~0.16	0.26~0.55
Pattern II
upward rotation*	0.07~0.21	0.28~0.38	−0.43 ~ −0.33
posterior tipping*	−0.31~−0.15	0.55~0.71	−0.30~−0.09
external rotation*	−0.30~−0.09	0.12~0.33	0.31~0.47
UT	0.56~0.67	−0.03~−0.20	−0.01~0.05
MT	0.57~0.70	−0.22~0.07	−0.60~−0.31
LT	0.24~0.29	0.59~0.72	0.27~0.41
SA	0.30~0.50	0.05~0.23	0.06~0.36

Pattern I: Inferior medial angle of the scapula is displaced posteriorly from the posterior thorax, prominent during dynamic observation and palpation; Pattern II: Entire medial border of the scapula is displaced posteriorly from the posterior thorax, prominent during dynamic observation and palpation.
*: 3-dimensional scapular kinematics; UT: upper trapezius; MT: middle trapezius; LT: lower trapezius; SA: serratus anterior.
Bold with or without underline indicates moderate to high correlations.

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