Table 3 Cumulative mortality and hazards ratios (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality associated with quartile of standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and average real variability (ARV) of resting heart rate (RHR).
Quartile of RHR-SD, bpm | P for trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quartile 1 (<3.6) | Quartile 2 (3.6–5.8) | Quartile 3 (5.8–8.5) | Quartile 4 (≥8.5) | ||
Total, n | 11,676 | 12,230 | 10,912 | 12,055 | — |
Deaths, n (%) | 168 (1.4) | 207 (1.7) | 269 (2.5) | 329 (2.7) | <0.001 |
Model 1* | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.18 (0.96–1.45) | 1.73 (1.42–2.09) | 1.91 (1.58–2.30) | <0.001 |
Model 2† | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.17 (0.95–1.43) | 1.64 (1.36–1.99) | 1.72 (1.43–2.07) | <0.001 |
Model 3‡ | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.16 (0.94–1.43) | 1.51 (1.24–1.84) | 1.43 (1.18–1.74) | <0.001 |
Quartile of RHR-CV, % | |||||
Quartile 1 (<5.0) | Quartile 2 (5.0–7.9) | Quartile 3 (7.9–11.7) | Quartile 4 (≥11.7) | P for trend | |
Total, n | 11,471 | 11,795 | 11,742 | 11,693 | — |
Deaths, n (%) | 172 (1.5) | 206 (1.7) | 284 (2.4) | 311 (2.7) | <0.001 |
Model 1* | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.19 (0.97–1.45) | 1.65 (1.37–2.00) | 1.81 (1.50–2.18) | <0.001 |
Model 2† | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.16 (0.95–1.42) | 1.55 (1.28–1.88) | 1.57 (1.30–1.89) | <0.001 |
Model 3‡ | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.16 (0.95–1.43) | 1.49 (1.23–1.81) | 1.41 (1.16–1.71) | <0.001 |
Quartile of RHR-ARV, bpm | |||||
Quartile 1 (<4.0) | Quartile 2 (4.0–7.0) | Quartile 3 (7.0–11.0) | Quartile 4 (≥11.0) | P for trend | |
Total, n | 9,337 | 13,092 | 12,312 | 12,132 | — |
Deaths, n (%) | 125 (1.3) | 237 (1.8) | 292 (2.4) | 319 (2.6) | <0.001 |
Model 1* | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.36 (1.08–1.67) | 1.77 (1.44–2.18) | 1.96 (1.59–2.41) | <0.001 |
Model 2† | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.32 (1.06–1.63) | 1.66 (1.35–2.05) | 1.79 (1.45–2.20) | <0.001 |
Model 3‡ | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.23 (0.99–1.54) | 1.50 (1.21–1.86) | 1.43 (1.16–1.78) | 0.001 |
