Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: TGFβ signaling is associated with changes in inflammatory gene expression and perineuronal net degradation around inhibitory neurons following various neurological insults

Figure 1

Comparative analysis revealed a common transcriptional signature in hyperexcitable regions following different insults. (a) Evans blue extravasation indicating BBB disruption in the peri-infarct hippocampus (outlined with white dotted line) and around the partially-isolated cortical regions 12 hours after stroke (left) and the undercut operation (right). (b) Representative micrograph of a rat brain slice immunostained for albumin (Alb) at 24 hours following the undercut (UC) operation (indicated by white dotted line). Scale bar = 1mm. (c) Representative confocal images of the UC cortex showing co-localization (white arrowheads) of albumin with GFAP (+) astrocytes. Nuclear staining with DAPI (blue) in the merged image. Scale bar = 20 μm. (d) A vote counting method for five independent microarray datasets from the undercut cortex (UC), peri-infarct hippocampus (Stroke), BBB-disrupted cortex treated with sodium deoxycholate (DOC), and cortices exposed to albumin (Alb) or TGFβ1 (TGFβ). (e) The gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis in the common transcriptional profile. (f) Using HOMER software, motifs including AP-1, NFκB, and ETS1 were found significantly enriched in the promoter proximal region, ±500 base pairs of the commonly upregulated genes across models.

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