Table 1 Elastic modulus measurements for different cell types.

From: The mechanical properties of individual cell spheroids

Cell type

Method

Elastic Modulus (Pa)

Reference

Human aortic endothelial cell

AFM

1,000–5,000

27

Porcine/murine cerebral capillary endothelial cells

AFM

5,000

28

Human umbilical vein endothelial cell

AFM

5,000–10,000

29

Human umbilical vein endothelial cell

AFM

1,400 (near edge)

30

6,800 (nucleus)

3,000 (in between)

Schlemm’s canal endothelial cells

AFM

1,000–3000

31

Breast epithelial cancer cells

AFM

500–2,000

32

Rat hippocampus

AFM

201

33

Human umbilical vein endothelial cell

Magnetic twisting cytometry

400

34

Bovine thoracic aortic endothelial cell

Micropipette aspiration

400 (nucleus)

35

Oocyte –zona pelludica

Micropipette aspiration

7470

36

Human mesenchymal stem cells

Micropipette aspiration

372

37

Chondrocytes

Micropipette aspiration

500

18

Murine sarcoma aggregate

Micropipette aspiration

700

23

Colon cancer cell lines

Micropipette aspiration

56–81

38

Bovine aortic endothelial cell

Compression between microplates

300–700 (cytoplasm)

39

4,000–8,000 (nucleus)

Chondrogenic progenitor cells

Micropipette aspiration

180–350

40