Table 6 The N-P-K balance for wheat crops.

From: The N-P-K soil nutrient balance of Portuguese cropland in the 1950s: The transition from organic to chemical fertilization

N-P-K flows (Mg)

N

P

K

Outputs

Harvests (Ho)

12 843

2 213

2 819

Cropped or grazed straw (So)

5 917

1 084

4 386

Cropped or grazed weeds - crops (Wo)

7 194

681

4 845

Leaching and runoff (Lo)

4 845

0

1 714

Erosion (Eo)

0

1 541

1 164

N emissions (Vo)

8 023

0

0

Sum

38 822

5 519

14 928

Inputs

Seeds (Si)

1 376

237

302

Manure (Mi)

8 558

1 666

4 202

Field excretions (Ei)

3 232

531

1 644

Other biomass entries (Bi)

728

116

972

Chemical fertilizers (Fi)

12 437

13 210

590

Rainfall (Ri)

3 445

171

1 388

Soil weathering (Wi)

0

857

6 352

Symbiotic N fixation - wild legumes (LWi)

2 302

0

0

Non-symbiotic N fixation (Oi)

1 714

0

0

Sum

33 792

16 789

15 548

Balance

(Mg)

−5 030

11 270

620

(kg.ha−1.yr−1)

−5,9

13,2

0,7