Figure 1

Effect of gastropod herbivory (+Gas = gastropod control, −Gas = gastropod exclusion), disturbance (disturbed, undisturbed) and species origin (exotic, native) on (a) the proportion of seedling recruitment (number of recruited seedlings divided by the number of added seeds) and (b) the number of species with seedling recruitment. Note that data shown are the untransformed least square means ± SE of a linear mixed model.