Table 2 Effect of Cu-chitosan NPs on CLS disease in pot condition.

From: Cu-chitosan nanoparticle boost defense responses and plant growth in maize (Zea mays L.)

Treatment (%)

DS (%)A

PEDC (%)A

Control (water)

44.00 ± 1.15a

00.00 ± 0.00e

BCH (0.01)

32.67 ± 0.66b

25.72 ± 1.01d

CuSO4 (0.01)

32.00 ± 1.15bc

27.24 ± 2.31 cd

Fungicide (0.01)

29.33 ± 0.66bc

33.31 ± 0.85bc

Cu-chitosan NPs

    0.01

28.67 ± 0.16c

34.83 ± 0.87b

    0.04

24.67 ± 0.32d

43.86 ± 2.06a

    0.08

24.67 ± 0.21d

43.93 ± 0.78a

    0.12

23.33 ± 0.26d

46.97 ± 0.76a

    0.16

22.67 ± 0.56d

48.48 ± 0.76a

  1. Disease data were recorded after 15 days of inoculation using 1 to 9 standard disease rating scale. AEach value is mean of triplicates and each replicate consisted of 3 plants samples. Mean ± SE followed by same letter is not significantly different at p = 0.05 as determined by Tukey–Kramer HSD. BCH (bulk chitosan) dissolved in 0.1% acetic acid and fungicide (0.01% of Bavistin).
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