Table 4 Comparing the ability of various lipid parameters to predict MACE in diabetic and nondiabetic ASCVD patients.

From: Residual Risk Factors to Predict Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus

Among all included patients

Lipid panel parameter in the model†

DM patients (n = 2,117)

Non-DM patients (n = 3,366)

Adjusted hazard ratio

95% CI

p-value

Adjusted hazard ratio

95% CI

p-value

LDL-C level (vs. <70 mg/dL)

   70–99

1.49

0.75–2.96

0.26

0.78

0.45–1.34

0.36

   100–129

1.99

0.97–4.07

0.06

0.82

0.46–1.47

0.51

   130 or higher

2.55

1.17–5.53

<0.05

0.59

0.28–1.26

0.17

Non-HDL-C level (vs. <100 mg/dL)

   100–129

2.48

1.10–5.59

<0.05

1.03

0.62–1.73

0.90

   130–159

4.29

1.91–9.65

<0.001

0.91

0.51–1.62

0.74

   160 or higher

4.59

1.99–10.57

<0.001

0.73

0.35–1.49

0.38

TG level (vs. <150 mg/dL)

   150–199

1.20

0.66–2.20

0.55

0.93

0.54–1.61

0.80

   200–249

1.69

0.85–3.35

0.13

0.52

0.16–1.71

0.28

   250 or higher

2.10

1.13–3.92

<0.05

0.50

0.18–1.37

0.18

Higher HDL-C level

   (vs. Lower HDL-C)*

0.85

0.52–1.40

0.52

1.07

0.69–1.64

0.76

Among statin-treated patients

Lipid panel parameter in the model †

DM patients (n = 1,472)

Non-DM patients (n = 2,203)

Adjusted hazard ratio

95% CI

p -value

Adjusted hazard ratio

95% CI

p -value

LDL-C level (vs. <70 mg/dL)

   70–99

1.72

0.76–3.87

0.19

0.77

0.39–1.55

0.47

   100–129

1.88

0.77–4.58

0.17

0.87

0.40–1.89

0.73

   130 or higher

2.63

1.06–6.56

<0.05

0.67

0.25–1.77

0.42

Non-HDL-C level (vs. <100 mg/dL)

   100–129

2.98

1.15–7.71

<0.05

1.14

0.58–2.22

0.71

   130–159

4.33

1.59–11.78

<0.01

1.07

0.48–2.36

0.87

   160 or higher

4.14

1.50–11.42

<0.01

0.92

0.37–2.30

0.85

TG level (vs. <150 mg/dL)

   150–199

1.28

0.55–2.99

0.57

1.03

0.50–2.15

0.93

   200–249

2.37

0.87–6.47

0.09

1.07

0.28–4.12

0.92

   250 or higher

3.39

1.29–8.90

<0.05

0.66

0.14–3.07

0.59

Higher HDL-C level

   (vs. Lower HDL-C)*

0.85

0.47–1.52

0.58

0.80

0.46–1.39

0.43

  1. *Lower HDL-C was defined as <40 mg/dL for male and <50 mg/dL for female. †Each model was adjusted for age, gender, BMI categories, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c (only in diabetic patient group), cigarette smoking history, history of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, previous coronary or lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) intervention, use of statin therapy, antiplatelet therapy, angiotensin receptor blocker or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, beta blocker, oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) and insulin at study enrollment.
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