Table 5 The association between alcohol drinking and head and neck cancer risk by the combination of ALDH2 rs671 and ADH1B rs1229984.

From: Investigating the Association between Alcohol and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in Taiwan

Ethanol metabolism group

Alcohol consumptiona

Group 1 Fast ADH1B (*2/*2) + Fast ALDH2 (*1/*1)

Group 2 Fast ADH1B (*2/*2) Slow/non-functional ALDH2 (*1/*2 + *2/*2)

Group 3 Slow ADH1B (*1/*1 + *1/*2) Fast ALDH2 (*1/*1)

Group 4 Slow ADH1B (*1/*1 + *1/*2) Slow/non-functional (*1/*2 + *2/*2)

 

Ca/Co

OR (95% CI)b

Ca/Co

OR (95% CI)b

Ca/Co

OR (95% CI)b

Ca/Co

OR (95% CI)b

All head and neck cancer

Never + occasional

44/84

Referent

109/180

Referent

27/68

Referent

71/169

Referent

Ever regular

131/165

0.57 (0.31–1.03)

121/55

2.16 (1.34–3.48)

123/130

1.50 (0.74–3.04)

156/64

4.26 (2.68–6.78)

 

P-interaction < 0.0001

Never

37/70

Referent

103/162

Referent

21/51

Referent

65/156

Referent

Monthly

7/14

0.93 (0.31–2.83)

6/18

0.60 (0.20–1.79)

6/17

1.29 (0.36–4.63)

6/13

1.66 (0.56–4.93)

Weekly

24/49

0.49 (0.22–1.08)

21/19

1.51 (0.70–3.28)

19/35

1.67 (0.63–4.42)

18/22

2.43 (1.12–5.26)

Daily

101/116

0.56 (0.29–1.10)

98/33

2.51 (1.45–4.32)

98/93

1.56 (0.66–3.71)

134/41

5.27 (3.15–8.85)

Unknown

6/0

—

2/3

—

6/2

—

4/1

—

 

P-interaction < 0.0001c

Never

37/68

Referent

101/153

Referent

18/49

Referent

54/150

Referent

Light

29/66

0.52 (0.25–1.09)

27/35

1.16 (0.60–2.24)

20/54

1.04 (0.39–2.77)

26/32

2.50 (1.26–4.97)

Moderate

24/43

0.58 (0.26–1.27)

25/11

1.38 (0.59–3.24)

30/34

1.86 (0.69–5.07)

30/14

4.17 (1.90–9.15)

Heavy

62/54

0.65 (0.30–1.39)

61/16

2.74 (1.37–5.51)

59/39

2.14 (0.79–5.75)

87/20

8.22 (4.31–15.67)

Unknown

7/0

—

2/4

—

6/4

—

3/2

—

 

P-interaction < 0.0001c

Every 10 grams/day

 

1.01 (0.98–1.03)

 

1.05 (0.99–1.11)

 

1.05 (1.00–1.10)

 

1.13 (1.07–1.19)

 

P-interaction = 0.002

Oral cavity

Never + occasional

29/84

Referent

84/180

Referent

26/68

Referent

52/169

Referent

Ever regular

91/165

0.59 (0.29–1.23)

65/55

1.40 (0.81–2.41)

82/130

0.83 (0.37–1.87)

72/64

2.42 (1.43–4.09)

 

P-interaction = 0.004

Never

27/70

Referent

81/162

Referent

20/51

Referent

46/156

Referent

Monthly

2/14

0.38 (0.07–2.05)

3/18

0.34 (0.08–1.41)

6/17

1.24 (0.32–4.84)

6/13

2.32 (0.75–7.07)

Weekly

16/49

0.43 (0.17–1.10)

14/19

1.25 (0.50–3.10)

12/35

0.91 (0.28–2.94)

7/22

1.17 (0.42–3.27)

Daily

70/116

0.50 (0.22–1.13)

49/33

1.41 (0.76–2.62)

64/93

0.81 (0.30–2.20)

63/41

3.11 (1.74–5.54)

Unknown

5/0

—

2/3

—

6/2

—

2/1

—

 

P-interaction = 0.005c

Never

27/68

Referent

79/153

Referent

17/49

Referent

38/150

Referent

Light

21/66

0.43 (0.18–1.03)

18/35

1.04 (0.48–2.23)

14/54

0.55 (0.17–1.83)

14/32

1.65 (0.72–3.77)

Moderate

17/43

0.52 (0.20–1.33)

12/11

0.78 (0.29–2.08)

20/34

0.85 (0.25–2.90)

17/14

3.25 (1.35–7.82)

Heavy

40/54

0.49 (0.19–1.23)

31/16

1.51 (0.69–3.27)

35/39

0.71 (0.22–2.32)

35/20

4.11 (1.98–8.54)

Unknown

6/0

—

2/4

—

6/4

—

1/2

—

 

P-interaction = 0.01c

Every 10 grams/day

 

1.00 (0.97–1.03)

 

1.01 (0.97–1.06)

 

1.02 (0.97–1.07)

 

1.08 (1.03–1.14)

 

P-interaction = 0.11

Oropharynx

Never + occasional

5/84

Referent

10/180

Referent

1/68

Referent

8/169

Referent

Ever regular

16/165

1.02 (0.24–4.34)

23/55

6.69 (2.38–18.86)

16/130

18.50 (1.43–240.03)

29/64

9.49 (3.22–27.93)

 

P-interaction = 0.14

Never

3/70

Referent

9/162

Referent

1/51

Referent

8/156

Referent

Monthly

2/14

4.76 (0.57–39.96)

1/18

1.35 (0.15–12.61)

0/17

—

0/13

—

Weekly

3/49

1.68 (0.22–12.50)

2/19

2.58 (0.43–15.46)

5/35

16.11 (1.11–233.63)

3/22

2.73 (0.48–15.62)

Daily

12/116

1.76 (0.29–10.77)

21/33

9.51 (3.10–29.22)

11/93

14.54 (0.94–224.84)

25/41

11.96 (3.74–38.31)

Unknown

1/0

—

0/3

—

0/2

—

1/1

—

 

P-interaction = 0.52c

Never

3/68

Referent

9/153

Referent

1/49

Referent

6/150

Referent

Light

3/66

1.57 (0.21–11.73)

2/35

1.29 (0.24–7.02)

4/54

8.68 (0.60–125.25)

4/32

5.23 (0.95–28.73)

Moderate

4/43

4.49 (0.58–34.60)

5/11

5.80 (1.25–27.04)

5/34

23.89 (1.66–344.63)

3/14

5.66 (0.91–35.09)

Heavy

7/54

3.38 (0.40–28.57)

16/16

15.23 (4.17–55.60)

7/39

21.50 (1.34–346.11)

21/20

32.10 (7.64–134.95)

Unknown

1/0

—

0/4

—

0/4

—

1/2

—

 

P-interaction = 0.48c

Every 10 grams/day

 

1.02 (0.95–1.10)

 

1.12 (1.03–1.22)

 

1.09 (0.99–1.21)

 

1.13 (1.05–1.22)

 

P-interaction = 0.06

Hypopharynx

Never + occasional

2/84

Referent

2/180

Referent

0/68

Referent

0/169

Referent

Ever regular

10/165

0.35 (0.04–3.07)

21/55

39.04 (7.53–202.44)

12/130

—

41/64

—

 

P-interaction = d

Never

2/70

Referent

2/162

Referent

0/51

Referent

0/156

Referent

Monthly

0/14

—

0/18

—

0/17

—

0/13

—

Weekly

3/49

0.70 (0.06–8.48)

3/19

20.30 (2.60–158.68)

0/35

—

6/22

—

Daily

7/116

0.22 (0.02–2.21)

18/33

44.00 (7.93–244.10)

12/93

—

35/41

—

Unknown

0/0

—

0/3

—

0/0

—

0/1

—

 

P-interaction = d

Never

2/68

Referent

2/153

Referent

0/49

Referent

0/150

Referent

Light

2/66

0.22 (0.02–3.07)

3/35

5.96 (0.82–43.62)

0/54

—

7/32

—

Moderate

1/43

0.13 (0.01–2.92)

6/11

63.16 (6.58–606.45)

3/34

—

9/14

—

Heavy

6/54

0.62 (0.06–6.52)

7/16

51.30 (5.59–470.69)

9/39

—

21/20

—

Unknown

0/0

—

0/4

—

0/4

—

0/2

—

 

P-interaction = d

Every 10 grams/day

 

1.04 (0.98–1.11)

 

1.10 (1.00–1.21)

 

1.13 (1.01–1.26)

 

1.15 (1.06–1.24)

 

P-interaction = 0.07

Larynx

Never + occasional

8/84

Referent

13/180

Referent

0/68

Referent

11/169

Referent

Ever regular

14/165

0.21 (0.06–0.77)

12/55

2.01 (0.73–5.56)

13/130

—

14/64

4.49 (1.58–12.76)

 

P-interaction = d

Never

5/70

Referent

11/162

Referent

0/51

Referent

11/156

Referent

Monthly

3/14

3.41 (0.34–34.53)

2/18

2.45 (0.46–13.17)

0/17

—

0/13

—

Weekly

2/49

0.13 (0.02–1.08)

2/19

1.93 (0.35–10.68)

2/35

—

2/22

2.09 (0.36–12.27)

Daily

12/116

0.38 (0.09–1.73)

10/33

2.68 (0.84–8.51)

11/93

—

11/41

5.40 (1.68–17.36)

Unknown

0/0

—

0/3

—

0/2

—

1/1

—

 

P-interaction = d

Never

5/68

Referent

11/153

Referent

0/49

Referent

10/150

Referent

Light

3/66

0.22 (0.03–1.45)

4/35

1.95 (0.52–7.26)

2/54

—

1/32

0.80 (0.08–7.56)

Moderate

2/43

0.12 (0.01–1.07)

2/11

1.25 (0.18–8.69)

2/34

—

1/14

1.54 (0.12–20.02)

Heavy

9/54

1.06 (0.20–5.69)

7/16

3.46 (0.89–13.42)

8/39

—

10/20

11.84 (2.88–48.63)

Unknown

0/0

—

0/4

—

0/4

—

1/2

—

 

P-interaction = d

Every 10 grams/day

 

1.03 (0.98–1.08)

 

1.02 (0.93–1.12)

 

1.13 (1.03–1.23)

 

1.13 (1.04–1.22)

 

P-interaction = 0.16

  1. Abbreviations: Ca = Case; CI = confidence interval; Co = control; N = number; OR = odds ratio
  2. aLight: < 14 grams/day; moderate: 14-42 grams/day; heavy: > 42 grams/day
  3. bOR and 95% CI were calculated using unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for sex, age, education, cigarette smoking (pack-year categories), and betel quid chewing (pack-year categories)
  4. cSubjects with unknown status of alcohol consumption were excluded for the calculation of P-interaction.
  5. d P-interaction was not calculated because the ORs in some strata could not be calculated.
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