Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Compulsive methamphetamine taking in the presence of punishment is associated with increased oxytocin expression in the nucleus accumbens of rats

Figure 1

Extended access to methamphetamine and footshock punishment lead to compulsive methamphetamine taking or abstinence in rats. (a) Timeline of behavioral experiments. (b) Rats with long access to METH escalate drug self-administration. The groups were separated post-facto based on their responses to footshocks. (c) Increasing footshock intensity leads to reduction of METH intake in SS but not in SR animals. (d) Mean drug intake on the last 3 days of METH SA compared to last 3 days of shocks. (e) Rats show incubation of METH craving at withdrawal day (WD) 30 in comparison to WD2. SR rats showed higher lever pressing at WD30 in comparison to the SS rats.

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