Table 1 Baseline characteristics of ARI patients (n = 383).

From: Acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in Vientiane, Lao PDR – the importance of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Characteristics

n (%)

Demographic

 Age (months), median (IQR)

13 (5–22)

 Age groups

 

  Less than 1-month-old

14 (3.7)

  1 to less than 3-month-old

42 (11.0)

  3 –month-old to less than 1-year-old

121 (31.6)

  1 to less than 2-year-old

119 (31.1)

  2 to less than 3-year-old

49 (12.8)

  3 to less than 4-year-old

27 (7.0)

  4 to less than 5-year-old

11 (2.9)

 Gender (Male)

219 (57.2)

 Birth weight (g), median (IQR)

3,000 (2,700–3,400)

  Low birth weight 347¥

46 (13.3)

 Wards

 

  ICU

58 (15.1)

  Paediatric Infectious Disease

58 (15.1)

  General paediatric

267 (69.7)

 Season (Wet season*)

256 (66.8)

 PCV13 received268 ♯

143 (53.4)

Clinical presentation

 Duration of illness prior to hospitalization (day), median (IQR)

3 (2–5)

 Fever documented at enrolment381

235 (61.7)

 Cough381

368 (96.6)

 Difficulty breathing375

275 (73.3)

 Coryza380

339 (89.2)

 Diarrhea372

155 (41.7)

 Conjunctival suffusion361

12 (3.3)

 Convulsions378

40 (10.6)

 Rigors328

34 (10.4)

 Vomiting374

208 (55.6)

Physical examination

 Chest indrawing378

216 (57.1)

 Nasal flaring371

86 (23.2)

 Lymphadenopathy359

21 (5.8)

 Abnormal pulmonary auscultation366

258 (70.5)

 Tachypnea364

171 (47.0)

 Oxygen saturation <90% in room air342

47 (13.7)

 Rash366

24 (6.6)

 Respiratory distress367

108 (29.4)

 Central cyanosis372

46 (12.4)

 Wheeze369

113 (30.6)

 Stridor365

16 (4.4)

 Grunting369

18 (4.9)

 Inability to drink368

45 (12.2)

 Prostration or lethargy368

27 (7.3)

Outcomes

 Pneumonia

277 (72.3)

 Severe pneumonia

138 (36.0)

 Length of stay ≤ 5 days376

305 (81.1)

 Supplementary oxygen used378

69 (18.3)

 Death

5 (1.3)

Detection of:

 S. pneumoniae

213 (55.6)

 H. influenzae

204 (53.3)

 Influenzavirus

29 (7.6)

 Human parainfluenza virus

37 (9.7)

 Human metapneumovirus

6 (1.6)

 Human adenovirus

28 (7.3)

 Human rhinovirus

70 (18.3)

  1. Data in the table are number of patients and percentages, except for a few variables for which the unit is specified.
  2. Because of missing values, superscript numbers indicate the number of patients for whom data were available.
  3. Low birth weight: defined by World Health Organisation as weight at birth less than 2,500 g31.
  4. Fever: defined as body temperature ≥38 °C per axilla32.
  5. Children less than 2 years old were defined as ‘PCV13 received’ if they had received: at least two doses of vaccine for children less than 1 year old or at least one dose of vaccine for children between 1 to 2 years old.
  6. Wet season: from May to October.
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