Table 2 Characteristics of ARI patients positive for RSV in comparison to ARI patients negative for RSV.

 Age (months), median (IQR)

11 (4–18)

14 (6–27)

  Less than 1-month-old

10 (6.4)

4 (1.8)

reference

  1 to less than 3-month-old

16 (10.2)

26 (11.5)

0.2 (0.06–0.9)

0.061

 3 –month-old to less than 1-year-old

56 (35.7)

65 (28.8)

0.3 (0.1–1.1)

0.09

  1 to less than 2-year-old

56 (35.7)

63 (27.9)

0.3 (0.1–1.2)

0.09

  2 to less than 3-year-old

16 (10.2)

33 (14.6)

0.2 (0.05–0.7)

0.013

  3 to less than 4-year-old

3 (1.9)

24 (10.6)

0.05 (0.01–0.3)

<0.001

  4 to less than 5-year-old

0 (0.0)

11 (4.9)

NA

<0.001

 Gender (Male)

94 (59.9)

125 (55.3)

1.2 (0.7–1.8)

0.217

 Birth weight (g), median (IQR)

3,100 (2,700–3,400)

3,000 (2,700–3,300)

  Low birth weight ^347¥

17 (12.1)

29 (14.0)

0.8 (0.4–1.6)

0.369

  ICU

27 (17.2)

31 (13.7)

1.3 (0.7–2.2)

0.214

  Paediatric Infectious Disease

17 (10.8)

41 (18.1)

0.5 (0.3–1.0)

0.033

  General Paediatric

113 (72.0)

154 (68.1)

1.2 (0.7–1.8)

0.246

 Season (Wet season*)

144 (97.1)

112 (49.6)

11.2 (6.0–21.0)

<0.001

 PVC 13 received^268♯

68 (57.1)

75 (50.3)

1.3 (0.8–2.0)

0.268

 Duration of illness prior to hospitalization (day), median (IQR)

4 (3–5)

3 (2–5)

 Fever documented at enrolment³⁸¹

94 (60.6)

141 (62.4)

0.9 (0.6–1.4)

0.406

 Cough³⁸¹

155 (99.4)

213 (94.7)

8.7 (1.1–67.9)

0.010

 Difficulty breathing³⁷⁵

134 (87.0)

141 (63.8)

3.8 (2.2–6.5)

<0.001

 Coryza³⁸⁰

149 (95.5)

190 (84.8)

3.8 (1.6–8.8)

0.001

 Diarrhea³⁷²

75 (48.4)

80 (36.9)

1.6 (1.1–2.4)

0.017

 Conjunctival suffusion³⁶¹

1 (0.7)

11 (5.1)

0.1 (0.02–0.9)

0.016

 Convulsions³⁷⁸

6 (3.9)

34 (15.2)

0.2 (0.09–0.5)

<0.001

 Rigors³²⁸

6 (4.7)

28 (13.9)

0.3 (0.1–0.8)

0.005

 Vomiting³⁷⁴

93 (60.8)

115 (52.0)

1.4 (0.9–2.2)

0.058

 Chest indrawing³⁷⁸

115 (74.2)

101 (45.3)

3.5 (2.2–5.4)

<0.001

 Nasal flaring³⁷¹

43 (28.7)

43 (19.5)

1.7 (1.02–2.7)

0.027

 Lymphadenopathy³⁵⁹

2 (1.3)

19 (9.0)

0.1 (0.03–0.6

0.001

 Abnormal pulmonary auscultation³⁶⁶

137 (91.3)

121 (56.0)

8.3 (4.4–15.5)

<0.001

 Tachypnea³⁶⁴

89 (58.9)

82 (38.55)

2.3 (1.5–3.5)

<0.001

 Oxygen saturation<90% in room air³⁴²

17 (11.5)

30 (15.5)

0.7 (0.4–1.3)

0.184

 Rashes³⁶⁶

8 (5.4)

16 (7.4)

0.7 (0.3–1.7)

0.296

 Respiratory distress³⁶⁷

48 (32.7)

60 (27.3)

1.3 (0.8–2.0)

0.161

 Central cyanosis³⁷²

20 (13.2)

26 (11.8)

1.1 (0.6–2.1)

0.393

 Wheeze³⁶⁹

51 (33.6)

62 (28.6)

1.3 (0.8–1.9)

0.182

 Stridor³⁶⁵

3 (2.0)

13 (6.0)

0.3 (0.09–1.1)

0.053

 Grunting³⁶⁹

5 (3.4)

13 (5.9)

0.6 (0.2–1.6)

0.193

 Inability to drink³⁶⁸

17 (11.3)

28 (12.9)

0.9 (0.5–1.6)

0.380

 Prostration or lethargy³⁶⁸

9 (6.0)

18 (8.3)

0.7 (0.3–1.6)

0.263

 Pneumonia

132 (84.1)

145 (64.2)

2.9 (1.8–4.9)

<0.001

 Severe pneumonia

46 (29.3)

92 (40.7)

0.6 (0.4–0.9)

0.014

 Length of stay ≤ 5 days ³⁷⁶

132 (85.2)

173 (78.3)

1.6 (0.9–2.8)

0.060

 Supplementary oxygen used³⁷⁸

29 (18.7)

40 (17.9)

1.1 (0.6–1.8)

0.476

 Death

2 (1.3)

3 (1.4)

0.9 (0.2–5.8)

0.666

 S. pneumoniae

98 (62.4)

115 (50.9)

1.6 (1.1–2.4)

0.016

 H. influenzae

84 (53.5)

120 (53.1)

1.0 (0.7–1.5)

0.510

 Influenzavirus

1 (0.6)

28 (12.4)

0.05 (0.01–0.3)

<0.001

 Human parainfluenza virus

3 (1.9)

34 (15.0)

0.1 (0.03–0.4)

<0.001

 Human metapneumovirus

0 (0.0)

6 (2.7)

NA

0.041

 Human adenovirus

6 (3.8)

22 (9.7)

0.4 (0.1–0.9)

0.021

 Human rhinovirus

12 (7.6)

58 (25.7)

0.2 (0.1–0.5)

<0.001