Table 5 Analysis of variance: Influence of genotype, environment and genotype environment interaction, on each compound class and each individual metabolite of six wheat genotypes grown under controlled environments.

From: Effects of genotype and temperature on accumulation of plant secondary metabolites in Canadian and Australian wheat grown under controlled environments

Classes/metabolites

ANOVA significance (Mean square values)

Genotype (df 5)

Environment (df 2)

G × E (df 10)

Phenolic acids

Free phenolics

36.05*

142.9*

36.58*

Bound phenolics

176272*

30419*

159503*

Total phenolics

179838*

30483*

164322*

Free phenolics

Gallic acid

0.0000003*

0.0000002**

0.0000004*

P-oh-benzoic

0.0000514*

0.0004060*

0.0000631*

Vanillic

0.0019348*

0.0066585*

0.0019014*

Syringic

0.0000425*

0.0002598*

0.0000448*

P-coumaric

0.0000925*

0.0001454*

0.0000808*

Ferulic

0.0053631*

0.0231092*

0.0058324*

Sinapic

0.0000922*

0.0003282*

0.0000000*

Bound phenolics

P-oh-benzoic

0.0000167*

0.0000031*

0.0000166*

Vanillic

0.0000215*

0.0000037*

0.0000148*

Syringic

0.0000117*

0.0000032*

0.0000107*

P-coumaric

0.0000536*

0.0000029*

0.0000580*

Ferulic

0.031964*

0.006259*

0.027888*

Sinapic

0.0002175*

0.0000159**

0.0002247*

Flavonoids

Total flavonoids content

15138*

815*

17127*

Fatty acids

C16:0

94.349*

26.267*

62.917*

C18:0

0.20440*

ns

0.18133*

C18:1n9

73.53*

1.97**

100.637*

C18:2n6

450.44*

1110.41*

443.98*

C18:3n3

3.3321*

10.1768*

0.9317*

Others

0.58909*

0.54828*

0.69966*

SFA

106.797*

29.554*

72.615*

MUFA

76.350*

1.992**

104.922*

PUFA

468.21*

1152.94*

462.44*

UFA

935.5*

1267.9*

1049.1*

UFA/SFA

1.3828*

5.4187*

2.5248*

PUFA/MUFA

2.1351

8.7418*

0.8051*

Plant sterols

Sitosterol

22446*

43208*

30529*

Campesterol

2109.1*

21312.0*

4786.1*

Sitostanol

3139.1*

9520.0*

8696.3*

Campestanol

1538.2*

12442.1*

5626.4*

Stigmasterol

19.263*

15.476*

124.931*

Other sterols

141.31*

618.75*

645.14*

Total plant sterols

74095*

325481*

198126*

  1. An asterisk (*) indicates significant at P < 0.001; Two asterisks (**) indicate significant at P < 0.01; ns indicates not significant at P < 0.05. A bold number is the factor or interaction most influencing the variable (highest mean square for each variable); df: degrees of freedom. G × E: Genotypes, environment interactions.