Figure 1

NMR metabolomics shows different metabolic profile by vitamin D treatment. 1D 1H NMR representative spectra from HEK293T cells polar extract of aliphatic region (a), and aromatic region (b). Arrows ↑↓ indicate increased or decreased metabolites, respectively, by vitamin D treatment. PC- Phosphocholine; GPC- Glycerophosphocholine; DSS- 4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentane-1-sulfonic acid. (c) 3D Score plot of Partial Least-Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), with components 1, 2 and 3. (d) 2D Score plot of PLS-DA with components 1 and 2. Control (vehicle) replicates (red circle) exhibit more variability than 100 nM (green circle) vitamin D treatment. (e) Intensity of the NMR resonance correspondent to the most significantly altered metabolites in the presence and absence of vitamin D (p value < 0.05). Values represent the average of 4 independent experiments, ± SD. For the analysis of the statistical significance with and without vitamin D we used unpaired t-test (*p value < 0.05).